Vol 90, No 12 (2018)

Editorial

Adherence to therapy of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases

Parfenov A.I., Kagramanova A.V., Babayan A.F., Knyazev O.V.

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel diseases are autoimmune systemic forms of pathology. The concept of continuous life-long drug intake is a cornerstone in their therapy. The review presents the factors that reduce patients adherence to treatment and ways to improve it. They include informing the patient about the disease and treatment, selection of individual therapy regimen, consolidation of achievements, provision of social support and interaction with other specialists.
Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2018;90(12):4-11
pages 4-11 views

Diagnostic utility of long-term remote ECG monitoring in compare with 24 hour Holter monitoring in patients with atrial fibrillation after catheter radiofrequency ablation in the early postoperative period

Ryabykina G.V., Shokhzodaeva Z.O., Sapelnikov O.V., Makeev M.I., Kozhemyakina E.S., Shchedrina E.V., Volkov V.E., Akchurin R.S.

Abstract

Aim. To evaluate the diagnostic utility of long-term remote monitoring of ECG compared with 24 hour Holter monitoring for the detection of cardiac arrhythmias and conduction disturbance in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) after catheter radiofrequency ablation (RFA; isolation) of the pulmonary veins. Materials and methods. The study included 62 patients aged 58.5±11.1 years, with paroxysmal or persistent AF, after catheter RFA (pulmonary veins isolation). Patients underwent long-term remote ECG monitoring, 24 hour Holter monitoring and transthoracic echocardiogram. Results and discussion. After 24 hour Holter monitoring of 62 patients with AF after RFA in 21 of them (33.9%) was detected early recurrence of AF. Remote ECG monitoring of 18 patients, detected AF in 7 patients (39%), 2 of them were asymptomatic AF recurrence. 24 hour Holter monitoring of the same 18 patients AF recurrence was not detected at all (0%). Conclusion. Both of devices, long-term remote monitoring of ECG and 24 hour Holter monitoring detected 45.2% of recurrence of AF. Over the wearing of both devises 24 hour Holter and long-term remote monitor the last detected more events among 18 patients (33% vs 0%). Two evens of AF recurrence were asymptomatic.
Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2018;90(12):12-16
pages 12-16 views

Cornea verticillata in Fabry disease

Moiseev S.V., Ismailova D.S., Moiseev A.S., Bulanov N.M., Karovaikina E.A., Nosova N.R., Fomin V.V.

Abstract

Cornea verticillata is the typical sign of ocular involvement in Fabry disease and manifests by the whorl-like, linear opacities in the inferior part of the cornea. Aim. To study the frequency of cornea verticillata in patients with Fabry disease and it’s relation to the severity of the disease and the types of mutation in the GLA gene. Materials and methods. We studied 69 adult (over 18 years) patients with a classic form of Fabry disease that was confirmed by enzymatic and molecular genetic studies. There were 39 males and 30 females. The median age was 39 years [30.0; 50.0]. The severity of Fabry disease was assessed using the Mainz Severity Score Index (MSSI) with a maximum value of 76 points. Depending on the MSSI score, patients were classified into mild (<20), moderate (20-40), and severe (>40) clinical categories. Results and discussion. At least one classic symptom of Fabry disease was present in 88.4% of patients. The majority of patients had the missense mutations of the GLA gene. Cornea verticillata was found in 65.2% of patients and occurred with a similar frequency in males (56.4%) and females (76.7%; p=0.07). Cornea verticillata was the single classic symptom of Fabry disease in only 4.9% of cases, while the rest of the patients presented with angiokeratoma, neuropathic pain and/or hypohidrosis. The frequency of classic symptoms of Fabry disease, as well as renal disease (with the exception of terminal chronic renal failure), brain and heart damage was similar in patients with and without cornea verticillata. Median MSSI scores were also similar in patienths with and without cornea verticillata (20.0 and 18.5 points, respectively; p=0.92). Similar results were obtained in males (26.5 and 30.0 points, p=0.97) and females (16.0 and 16.0 points, p=0.45). The frequency of cornea verticillata did not differ in patients with different types of mutations in the GLA gene. Conclusion. Cornea verticillata occured in 65% of adult patients with Fabry disease, was usually accompanied by the other classic symptoms of the disease, and was not associated with the severity of the disease.
Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2018;90(12):17-22
pages 17-22 views

Pre-treatment condition effects on blood pressure and heart rate variability change in patients with arterial hypertension on therapy

Talabanov P.G., Kozlovskaya I.L., Ryabykina G.V., Sobolev A.V., Kozhemyakina E.S.

Abstract

Aim. To study the relationship of the initial clinical and functional state of patients with arterial hypertension (AH) with the dynamics of daily indices of blood pressure (BP) and sinus rhythm on antihypertensive therapy. Materials and methods. 38 patients were examined (general clinical examination, electrocardiography, echocardiography, daily bifunctional monitoring with the determination of weighted average rhythmogram variations - WARV, clinical and biochemical analysis of blood, glycated hemoglobin, thyroid hormones) and distribyted according to the use of hypotensive drugs of main classes and combined therapy AH. Dynamic monitoring of the effectiveness of treatment was carried out (after 2-4 weeks, then every 1-2 months), clinically and with bifunctional monitoring, correction of therapy. The observation period was 8 months. Results and discussion. By the end of the study, 27 patients had target blood pressure, significant decrease in systolic / diastolic blood pressure (10/5 mm Hg and more) occurred in 30 patients. A correlation was found between the effectiveness of antihypertensive treatment and the initial clinical and instrumental parameters of patients: age, heart size (including left ventricular hypertrophy - LVH), thyroid stimulating blood hormone (TSH) level and fasting blood glucose (within normal limits). The level of WARV also correlated with these indicators and was significantly higher in patients who achieved a significant reduction in blood pressure. No significant dynamics of WARV was detected. No relationship between baseline blood pressure with WARV and their changes were identified. The connection of the myocardial mass index with the level of TSH and glycated hemoglobin was demostrated. Conclusion. The WARV reflects the severity of organic heart changes associated with age, disease duration, metabolic profile, LVH - heart damage as a target organ in AH, but is not suitable for analyzing its functional changes within one stage of the disease.
Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2018;90(12):23-27
pages 23-27 views

The effectiveness of combination antihypertensive therapy in patients with arterial hypertension and additional risk factors: obesity and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

Elfimova E.M., Litvin A.Y., Chazova I.E.

Abstract

Aim. To study the effectiveness of a fixed combination of perindopril and amlodipine, with the subsequent addition of indapamide-retard in male patients with arterial hypertension (AH), obesity and severe sleep apnea (OSAS). Materials and methods. The study included 43 male patients in whom antihypertensive therapy titration was performed to achieve target blood pressure values with a fixed combination of calcium antagonist amlodipine (10 mg) and an angiotensin-converting inhibitor perindopril (5-10 mg) and indapamide-retard. At baseline and after 4-6 weeks, the effectiveness of antihypertensive therapy was monitored according to clinical measurements and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). An assessment of the carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), aortic PWV (aoPWV), and ankle-brachial PWV (abPWV) was performed. Results and discussion. Target blood pressure values (according to clinical blood pressure, 24-hour blood pressure monitoring) during therapy with amlodipine 10 mg and perindopril 10 mg reached 65% of patients and another 30% reached target blood pressure when adding indapamide-retard 1.5 mg, that is - 95% of all patients included in the study. Upon reaching the target blood pressure values, a significant decrease in cfPWV, aoPWV and abPWV was observed. Conclusion. The fixed combination of perindopril arginine and amplodipine, with the addition of indapamide retard in male patients with hypertension 1st degree in the presence of obesity and severe OSAS allows to reach effective control of blood pressure and improve the elastic properties of large arteries, which can lead to a favorable organoprotective effect in this category of patients.
Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2018;90(12):28-33
pages 28-33 views

Psychological and social factors of adherence to treatment in patients with myocardial infarction

Gorbunova E.V., Sedykh D.Y., Maksimov S.A.

Abstract

Aim. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of psychological and social factors on adherence to treatment in patients with primary and repeated myocardial infarction (MI). Materials and methods. Patients with primary (n=61) and repeated (n=72) ST-segment elevation MI were enrolled in the study. State and trait anxiety, accentuation of personality traits, patient awareness, and adherence to treatment, represented by adherence rate to treatment were evaluated. Results and discussion. There were no statistically significant differences found in adherence to treatment between the study groups. Patients’ adherence to treatment in the whole cohort was low positive. Patients with primary MI demonstrated higher state anxiety than patients with repeated MI (p=0.0173). The following accentuation of personality traits were determined: hypertimity, emotivity, anxiety, dysthymia and cyclothymic. They were comparable in their severity in primary and repeated MI patients. The regression analysis revealed that the higher the level of education, the higher (by 0.40 scores) adherence rate to treatment (p=0.0210). Higher patients’ awareness resulted in increased adherence rate by 0.54 scores (p=0.0010). Conclusion. The main factors contributing to increased adherence rate in patients with MI were the level of education and awareness on the issues of preventing an unfavorable cardiovascular prognosis.
Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2018;90(12):34-38
pages 34-38 views

Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis in Russian population

Dobronravov V.A., Smirnov A.V.

Abstract

Aim. Analysis of etiology, clinical and morphological manifestations, approaches to therapy and prognosis of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN). Materials and methods. Cases of MPGN were retrospectively identified in the period 2000-2017 with subsequent analysis of etiology, clinical data and morphology (including deposits of immunoglobulins (Ig) and C3 complement fractions). The achievement of complete and partial remissions (PR, CR), overall survival, progression (by composite endpoint: decrease in the estimated GFR (eGFR) ≥50% from the baseline or eGFR <15 ml/min/1.73 m2 or the onset of dialysis). Results and discussion. 214 cases of MPGN entered the study with the average age of 44±16 years. Most patients had nephrotic syndrome and significant hematuria. In 58.4% of cases, eGFR was <60 mL/min/1.73 m2, and every fifth patient had CKD 4 or 5 stages. The prevalence of MPGN among all biopsy-confirmed glomerulopathies was 9.3%. Idiopathic MPGN (iMPGN) was detected in 30.4% of cases, secondary MSGN (sMPGN) - in 69.6% (autoimmune diseases - 34.1%, infectious diseases - 16.4%, monoclonal gammopathies - 9.3%, complement-mediated damage - 9.8%). Ig+C3+MPGN was mainly associated with autoimmune diseases and infections; C3-glomerulopathy or thrombotic microangiopathy were most often causes of Ig-C3+MPGN; Ig-C3-/Ig+C3-MPGN had heterogeneous etiology. The median follow-up period was 28 [7; 37] months. The 10-year total cumulative patient and renal survival rates were 71 and 50%, respectively (without differences between sMPGN and iMPGN). The frequency of the PR/CR was 50% (iMPGN - 46.2%, sMPGN - 51.3%) depending on the etiology of the MPGN (p=0.049). The cumulative 10-year progression-free renal survival was nearly 100% in cases with PR/CR and 0% in non-responders. Conclusion. MPGN is a severe variant of glomerular damage with a heterogeneous etiological structure and an unfavorable prognosis. Targeted clinical and morphological diagnostics of MPGN allows to identify the cause of the disease in most cases. This approach is reliable for the adequate treatment choice and improvement of outcomes in MPGN.
Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2018;90(12):39-47
pages 39-47 views

Ipidacrine in combination therapy regimens of functional constipation

Chernus N.P., Vanchakova N.P., Sivkova S.K., Sivkov A.S., Gorenkov R.V.

Abstract

Aim. Analysis of the treatment response rates of different therapy regimens of functional constipation, including Ipidacrine, a cholinesterase inhibitor, based on assessment of adaptation and compensatory mechanisms in the therapy forecast. Materials and methods. 77 functional slow-transit constipation patients were examined after therapy regimens of functional constipation, the mean age is 44.30±14.58 y.o. Results and discussion. The treatment response rates of different therapies with Ipidacrine depends on the patient's initial adaptation and compensatory mechanisms (ACM index); certain aspects allowing to predict the expected result depending on the current mental state were identified; the severity of the state of functional constipation, ACM index and MMPI test psychometric indicators are correlated; adaptation and compensatory mechanisms of functional constipation patients were found to be reduced; the prognosis of the treatment response rates and, accordingly, the choice of the therapy regimen depend on the patient's adaptation potential (index). Conclusions. Therapy regimens for functional constipation patients should be selected on the basis of the original ACM index, behavioral pattern, degree of compliance and the patient’s age.
Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2018;90(12):48-55
pages 48-55 views

Comparative effectiveness of vitamin-mineral complexes with iron in correcting iron deficiency in women in the outpatient setting

Svistunov A.A., Osadchuk M.A., Kireeva N.V., Lazareva A.E., Shorina D.A., Vasil'eva I.N., Savina T.S., Tuaeva E.M.

Abstract

Aim. To compare the efficacy of prophylactic administration of mineral-vitamin complexes "Feroglobin-B12" and "Complivit iron" with different degrees of Fe valence. Materials and methods. 120 female subjects were examined. To determine the quality of life, the SF-36 questionnaire was used. The presence of anxiety was determined on the Spielberger-Khanin Alarm Scale. 30 women with a deficit of Fe were divided into 2 groups of 15 people each. The first group received "Ferroglobin-B12", the second - "Complivit iron" for a month. Results. In a month after the initiation of preventive therapy in women of the 1 group the content of Fe serum was normalized. In the second group, its concentration approached the control values. The difference in Fe content in the 1 and 2 groups was of a reliable nature. Conclusion. The intake of "Ferroglobin-B12" was not accompanied by side effects, and performance indicators, social activity and mental health reached control values, unlike the group of patients taking Complivit iron.
Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2018;90(12):56-60
pages 56-60 views

Multimodal approach to treatment of neurological complications of chronic brain ischemia

Tanashyan M.M., Shabalina A.A., Lagoda O.V., Raskurazhev A.A., Konovalov R.N.

Abstract

Aim. The study of Actovegin effectin clinical presentations and hemorheological characteristics in patients with chronic cerebrovascular pathology (CCVP) and mild cognitive impairment. Materials and methods. The study group included 47 patients (25 male and 22 female), aged 61-75 years (mean age 63.8±5.4) with CCVP who were treated with Actovegin. The control group comprised 28 patients matched by gender and age, without associated cerebrovascular pathology. All patients along with thorough neurological examination underwent laboratory analyses (platelet and erythrocyte rheology), neurovisualization studies (functional magnetic resonance imaging of the brain). Depending on the dosage all patients were divided in two groups: Actovegin 1000 mg and 160 mg daily. Results and discussion. Overall, with Actovegin treatment in 81% of cases positive dynamics both in subjective symptoms, and somatic status was observed. A favorable effect on cognitive function in patients with CCVP was noted. The dose-dependent drug effect was demonstrated. The effect of Actovegin on blood cell functioning included the formation of smaller (Tf and Ts; p=0.0096 and p=0.016) and less solid (γ dis) erythrocyte aggregates (p=0.0034) both in the study and control group. The increase in erythrocyte deformability during therapy was significantly associated with cognitive improvement (via MoCA test, r=0.28). Conclusion. Complex (including neuropsychological and neurovisualizational) examination may not only help determine the cognitive status in patients with CCVP, but also assess the efficacy of neurometabolic therapy. New facts of Actovegin’s influence on erythrocyte aggregation and deformability have been identified, which may enhance micro - and macrocirculation. The acquired data may prove the wide spectrum of Actovegin’s pharmacological effect, which allows to use it in all forms of cerebrovascular pathology.
Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2018;90(12):61-67
pages 61-67 views

Treatment of exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Avdeev S.N., Truschenko N.V., Gaynitdinova V.V., Soe A.K., Nuralieva G.S.

Abstract

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and its exacerbations remain an important problem of clinical medicine. Aim. To assess the quality of medical care provided in large Russian hospitals to patients with COPD exacerbation. Materials and methods. The study included patients with acute exacerbations of COPD hospitalized into three large clinical hospitals in Moscow. The diagnosis of "COPD exacerbation" was established in accordance with current clinical recommendations. We collected the data about patients’ demography, clinical signs and symptoms, blood gas analysis, chest radiography, drug therapy, oxygen therapy and respiratory support. The follow-up period was 90 days. The obtained data were compared with the data of patients from the multicenter study "European COPD Audit". Results and discussion. The leading clinical symptoms in COPD exacerbation were dyspnea (95.4%) and sputum production (60.7%). The majority of patients with COPD received short-acting β2-agonists (77.4%), systemic steroids (85.1%), antibiotics (79.0%) and theophyllines (48.1%). Noninvasive ventilation was performed in 8.6% of patients, oxygen therapy - in 23,8% of patients, pulmonary rehabilitation - in only 6,2% of patients. Chest radiography was performed in 97.9% of patients, pulmonary function tests - in 79.8%, blood gases analysis - in 19.3% of patients. The mean duration of hospitalization was 18.2±3.9 days, repeated hospitalization within 90 days occurs in 36.2% of patients. In-hospital mortality was 3.3%. Conclusion. Based on the results of the study practical recommendations for improving the quality of medical care in acute exacerbations of COPD are proposed.
Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2018;90(12):68-75
pages 68-75 views

Role of electrocardiographic and echocardiographic types of left bundle branch block in prediction of response to cardiac resynchronization therapy

Kashtanova S.Y., Mironova N.A., Shitov V.N., Gupalo E.M., Kiktev V.G., Saidova M.A., Golitsyn S.P.

Abstract

Aim. To assess the value of the complex analysis of electrocardiographic (ECG) variants and echocardiographic (echo) manifestation of left bundle branch block (LBBB) in predicting the success of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). Materials and methods. The study included 39 patients (mean age 61.49±9.0 years) on sinus rhythm with LBBB, QRS duration ≥130 ms, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤35%, heart failure (HF) NYHA II-IV despite optimal pharmacological therapy during 3 month. All patients had undergone CRT-D implantation. Depending on presence or absence of ECG-criteria, proposed by D.G. Strauss et al., patients were divided into 2 groups: 1 group - strict LBBB, proposed by D.G. Strauss et al. (n=29) and 2 group - other patients (n=10). In addition to standard echocardiography, global longitudinal 2-dimensional strain (GLS) and LBBB contraction pattern have been performed initially and in 6 months after implantation. Response to CRT was defined as decrease in LV end-systolic volume by >15% after 6 months of follow-up. Results and discussion. Typical LBBB echo contraction pattern was detected in 25 patients (64% of all included). These patients had more pronounced longitudinal dissynchrony and a more expressed global longitudinal strain before CPT-D implantation (p<0.05). 27 patients (69% of all included) were included in the "response" group, the remaining 12 patients (31% of all included) - the "non-response" group. In the "response" group the morphology of the QRS complex was significantly more likely to meet the criteria, proposed by D.G. Strauss et al., than other variants (23 vs. 6, respectively, p=0.02), and the echo contraction pattern of this patients more often corresponded to "typical" LBBB (24 vs. 1, p=0.001). All patients, who had the ECG criteria, proposed by D.G. Strauss et al., and echo "typical" LBBB contraction pattern, responded on CPT. Moreover, the proportion of these patients in the "response" group was rather high - 81.5% (22 of 27 patients). Conclusion. ECG criteria LBBB, proposed by D.G. Strauss et al., identify patients with delayed transseptal interventricular conduction due to complete LBBB, what is a good target for CPT. Evaluation of the echo contraction pattern based on the definition of longitudinal myocardial deformation by means of a two-dimensional strand technology allows predicting the success of CPT in patients with LBBB. Patients with «typical» LBBB contraction pattern show more pronounced global longitudinal strain and larger longitudinal dissynchrony compared with other patients, and it explains their better response to CPT. Complex analysis of strict LBBB ECG criteria and echo contraction pattern are promising parameters in predicting beneficial response to CRT in patients with HF.
Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2018;90(12):76-83
pages 76-83 views

Comorbidities in inflammatory joint and spine diseases in XXI century

Gaydukova I.Z., Akulova A.I., Rebrov A.P.

Abstract

Progress and significant changes in the approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of arthritis determine the need for a comprehensive study of comorbidities in rheumatologic patients. Aim. The evaluation the occurrence of comorbidities in patients with inflammatory diseases of the spine and joints and the assessment of the general changes in comorbidities at the beginning of the XXI century compared to previous period. Materials and methods. Comorbidity was analyzed in 245 patients with spondyloarthritis who participated in the scientific program PROGRESS. Validated comorbidity assessment indices were used in the study. The analysis of 96 sources of literary bases RISC and PubMed were used in literature analysis. The results of their own observation and literary search were compared. Results and discussion. According to the patients’ cards, an analysis of the structure of comorbidities was conducted in 221 patients: 207 (93.66%) patients with spondyloarthritis had two or more comorbidities. The most common diseases were diseases of gastrointestinal tract (60.6%) and cardiovascular pathology (58.3%), secondary osteoarthritis (60.2%). According to literature sources, most of the comorbidities and spondyloarthritis are interrelated pathogenetically and undergo a change in the profile of rheumatic and/or related diseases undergo simultaneous changes. The emergence of new diseases in the structure of comorbidity and new drugs requires the development of recommendations that take into account the presence of comorbidity in patients with a rheumatic diseases. Conclusion. Most patients with spondyloarthritis has comorbidity. The change in rheumatic and non-rheumatic diseases that occurs in the 21st century has a mutual influence, changing the profile of patients and determining the change in the tactics of their management.
Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2018;90(12):90-95
pages 90-95 views

Clinical observation of a combination of diffuse alveolar-septal pulmonary lesion and amyloid cardiomyopathy in systemic AL-amyloidosis in the elderly

Tret'yakov A.Y., Zakharchenko S.P., Tret'yakova V.A., Ermilov O.V., Shekhovtsov S.A., Khabibulin R.R., Aleinikova K.S., Dan V.S., Leshcheva N.A.

Abstract

A rare observation of systemic AL-amyloidosis with a debut in old age, accompanied by diffuse alveolar-septal lesion of the lungs and mediastinal lymphadenopathy in combination with amyloid cardiomyopathy in the absence of pathology of kidney and liver function.
Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2018;90(12):96-100
pages 96-100 views

Interrelation of erectile dysfunction with obesity in patients with arterial hypertension

Alekseeva T.A., Shariya M.A., Gamidov S.I., Elfimova E.M., Starostin I.V., Litvin A.Y., Chazova I.E.

Abstract

Aim. To study the relationship between the severity of erectile dysfunction and the anthropometric parameters of obesity in patients with arterial hypertension. Materials and methods. The study included 71 patients with different severity of erectile dysfunction, overweight and grade 1obesity and arterial hypertension. The anthropometric parameters were analyzed, the degree and characteristics of obesity were assessed according to data of multispiral computed tomography (MSCT), a preliminary assessment of erectile function was performed using the IIEF-5 questionnaire. Later the data of the questionnaire was compared with the in-depth urological study: the collection of anamnesis, examination and conduction of the pharmacodopplerography of the penis vessels. Results and discussion. Comparative analysis revealed statistically significant links between anthropometric data and the degree of abdominal obesity based on MSCT results (p<0.005), anthropometric indicators of obesity with parameters of penile arterial blood flow, as well as severity of erectile dysfunction by degree of erection and dopplerography with an estimation of the rate of penile blood flow (p<0.05). In addition, a statistically significant negative relationship between the quality of penile blood flow and the degree of arterial hypertension was revealed (p=0.02). As a result of multifactorial linear regression, it is shown that with an increased the ratio of the waist circumference to the hip circumference and a higher level of systolic blood pressure, the condition of penile arterial blood flow worsens, namely, the peak systolic velocity (PSV) decreases (β=-0.377, p=0.05; β=-0.478, p=0.02, respectively). In a comparative analysis of the subjective evaluation of erectile function according to the data of the IIEF-5 questionnaire, we showed no statistically significant association with the results of an objective examination (p=0.07).There were also no statistically significant links between objective data of erectile function and obesity parameters in MSCT. Conclusion. The combination of overweight or obesity with arterial hypertension gives ground to suspect the presence of different severity of erectile dysfunction.
Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2018;90(12):84-89
pages 84-89 views

Magnetic resonance imaging of the heart in the diagnosis of sarcoidosis

Stukalova O.V., Meladze N.V., Ivanova D.A., Shvecz T.M., Gaman S.A., Butorova E.A., Guchaev R.V., Kostyukevich M.V., Ternovoy S.K.

Abstract

Heart sarcoidosis diagnosis presents great difficulties due to the absence of specific clinical manifestations. Most often, the diagnosis is established during autopsy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the heart with contrast enhancement is one of the most informative methods of intravital diagnosis of cardiac sarcoidosis. In this article, two clinical cases, shows the role of MRI of the heart with contrast enhancement in the diagnosis of cardiac sarcoidosis.
Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2018;90(12):101-106
pages 101-106 views

Biomarkers of inflammatory bowel disease activity

Fadeeva N.A., Korneeva I.A., Knyazev O.V., Parfenov A.I.

Abstract

The review presents data on calprotectin, lactoferrin, leukocytes labeled with isotope indium 111In, calgranulin C and pyruvate kinase type M2 - highly sensitive biomarkers to assess the severity of intestinal inflammation. Their importance in diagnostics, determination of treatment efficiency, including as predictors of recurrence of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease is shown.
Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2018;90(12):107-111
pages 107-111 views

Notch signal pathway - therapeutic target for regulation of reparative processes in the heart

Dergilev K.V., Zubkova E.S., Beloglazova I.B., Menshikov M.Y., Parfyonova E.V.

Abstract

Notch signaling pathway is a universal regulator of cell fate in embryogenesis and in maintaining the cell homeostasis of adult tissue. Through local cell-cell interactions, he controls neighboring cells behavior and determines their capacity for self-renewal, growth, survival, differentiation, and apoptosis. Recent studies have shown that the control of regenerative processes in the heart is also carried out with the participation of Notch system. At the heart of Notch regulates migration bone marrow progenitors and stimulates the proliferation of cardiomyocytes, cardiac progenitor cell activity, limits cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and fibrosis progression and stimulates angiogenesis. Notch signaling pathway may be regarded as a very promising target for the development of drugs for the stimulation of regeneration in the myocardium.
Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2018;90(12):112-121
pages 112-121 views

The prognostic role of depression as a predictor of chronic somatic diseases manifestation

Neznanov N.G., Kibitov A.O., Rukavishnikov G.V., Mazo G.E.

Abstract

The negative impact of depression on the course and outcome of somatic disorders is well-known and has a solid theoretical basis. The analyses of prospective studies confirm the role of depression as an independent and significant risk factor for widespread chronic somatic disorders including such severe and life-threatening conditions as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and oncological pathology. The majority of somatic disorders and depression are the part of the big class of hereditary diseases with multifactorial character and polygenic nature. It is likely, that the genetic risk diversity of these diseases in population is close. There is also a high probability of genetic risks levels overlap (or of common «cluster») of two or more diseases in one individual, with one disorder being major depression. In that case such diseases could be considered «genetically comorbid» and manifestation of one disease could alter the risks of other. Precise and informative diagnostic tools could detect subsyndromal depression that could be the prognostic sign of the high risk and rapid manifestation of somatic diseases. Thus, patients with depressive disorder could be considered as a group with high risks of diverse range of somatic pathology. The coalescence of fundamental biomedical scientists and internists (psychiatrists and other physicians) could lead to the elaboration of specific complex preventative measures including social ones.
Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2018;90(12):122-132
pages 122-132 views

Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in clinical practice

Bordin D.S., Voynovan I.N., Kolbasnikov S.V., Embutnieks Y.V.

Abstract

Diagnostic tests used to detection Helicobacter pylori are divided into invasive (requiring endoscopy) and non-invasive, direct (bacteriological, histological or molecular detection of the bacterium) and indirect (detection of urease activity of the bacterium or antibodies to it). The choice of the test is determined by the clinical situation, as well as by its availability and cost. The sensitivity of most tests is affected by the use of antisecretory drugs and antibiotics.
Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2018;90(12):133-139
pages 133-139 views


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