Vol 80, No 8 (2008)
- Year: 2008
- Published: 15.08.2008
- Articles: 21
- URL: https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/issue/view/1716
Editorial
How to reduce mortality from cardiovascular diseases
Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2008;80(8):11-16
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Celebrating the 85th anniversary of the journal Terapevtichesky arkhiv
Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2008;80(8):16-18
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Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: course characteristics in long-term follow-up
Abstract
Aim. To detect relations between intracardiac hemodynamics and clinicoanamnestic features of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCMP). Material and methods. We observed 84 patients with different clinical variants of a HCMP course. Of them, 15 patients were treated surgically. The patients were followed up from 3 to 24 years (mean 8.4 ± 1.1 years). All the patients have undergone standard ECG, transthoracic echocardiography with doppler echocardiography, 24-h ECG monitoring, part of them - stress echocardiography (exercise and/or dobutamine), MRT of the heart, coronaroangiography and probing of the heart. Results. The analysis of cardiac remodeling parameters in HCMP patients showed significance of diastolic disorders in development of basic clinical symptoms of the disease. A rise of atrial-ventricular index (AVI) reflects severity of a HCMP course. Patients with the most severe course of the disease had AVI equal or higher than 1.1. In obstructive and non-obstructive variants of HCMP time of the first symptoms onset did not differ significantly. In the disease onset the patients had asthenic syndrome, cardialgia, dyspnea. The disease ends with heart failure. Conclusion. Long-term follow-up of HCMP patients and comparison of clinico-morphological parameters revealed the role of diastolic dysfunction in formation of clinical symptoms.
Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2008;80(8):18-25
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The 85th anniversary of the journal Terapevtichesky arkhiv
Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2008;80(8):25-27
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A rapid all-round progress and unwanted losses in diagnosis
Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2008;80(8):27-30
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Cardiorenal syndrome in ischemic renal disease (atherosclerotic renovascular hypertension)
Abstract
Aim. To characterize cardiorenal syndrome in ischemic renal disease (IRD). Material and methods. In examination of 105 IRD patients (63 males and 42 females, mean age 63.8 ±5.1 years) we estimated body mass index (BMI), indices of peripheral blood and urine, blood biochemistry, glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Plasmic homocystein concentration was measured in 30 patients. We also studied incidence of some cardiovascular risk factors, clinical variants of atherosclerosis and their correlation with GFR. Results. IRD patients most frequently had hypertriglyceridemia (67.6%), hypercholesterinemia (53.3%), smoking (47.1%), obesity (41.9%), metabolic syndrome (38.1%), type 2 diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension of the third degree (70.6%), isolated systolic arterial hypertension (46.7%). GFR was significantly lower in smokers (p < 0.001), arterial hypertension of the third degree (p < 0.05), isolated systolic arterial hypertension (p < 0.001) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (p < 0.05). In GFR < 40 ml/min homocysteinemia increased significantly (p < 0.01). Coronary artery disease in IRD occurred in 52.4%, cerebrovascular diseases (brain stroke, transitory ischemic attacks) - in 29.5%, intermittent claudication - in 19.0%, aneurism of the abdominal aorta - in 7.6%, documented atherosclerotic affection of the upper limb arteries - in 2.8%. Patients with intermittent claudication were characterized by significantly less GFR compared to that in patients without clinical symptoms of affected arteries of the lower limbs (38.6 ± 8.2 and 44.6 ±7.3 ml/min, respectively; p < 0.01). Conclusion. Basic symptoms of cardiorenal syndrome in IRD are high rate of cardiovascular risk factors, some of them provoke aggravation of glomerular endotheliocyte dysfunction and deterioration of intrarenal hemodynamics leading to GFR reduction underlying appearance of new endothelium-tropic risk factors (hyperhomocysteinemia), and progression of atherosclerotic process with formation of its special clinical forms (intermittent claudication).
Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2008;80(8):30-38
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Abdominal pain in therapeutic practice
Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2008;80(8):38-42
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Infectious diseases. new problems
Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2008;80(8):43-45
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and associated illnesses
Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2008;80(8):45-50
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Affection of cardiovascular system in antiphospholipid syndrome with non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis
Abstract
Aim. To study characteristics of cardiovascular affection in antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) with nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE). Material and methods. The trial included 28 patients with APS and NBTE (26 females, mean age 44 ± 13 years). Primary APS was diagnosed in 21 patients, secondary APS associated with systemic lupus erythematosus - in 7 patients. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed in all the patients, transesophageal echocardiography - in 86% of them. Statistic processing was made with logistic regression analysis. Results. All the patients had structural valvular changes: leaflet thickening, sclerosis, vegetations, focuses of calcinosis and valvular dysfunction. Vegetations located on mitral and aortic valves in 64% and occurred on damaged heart valves in 36% patients. An important problem in APS with NBTE was systemic embolism (54%), especially with involvement of central nervous system. Logistic regression revealed association of NBTE with structural changes of aortic and mitral valves, myocardial focal fibrosis and valvular insufficiency. Conclusion. APS with NBTE is characterized by absolute predominance of valvular heart lesion with vegetations location on the left heart valves and high risk of embolic complications.
Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2008;80(8):51-53
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Acute renal failure caused by cholesterol embolism of the intrarenal arteries after coronaroangiography: success of glucocorticosteroid treatment
Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2008;80(8):54-57
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Administration of monoclonal antibodies to b-lymphocytes (rituximab) in rheumatoid arthritis in Russia
Abstract
Aim. To assess efficacy and tolerance to anti-B-cell drug rituximab in therapy of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by the data of RF register of this drug. Material and methods. Rituximab was studied in 42 patients with high RA activity. 37 patients received rituximab according to a conventional scheme: 2 intravenous 1000 mg infusions with a 2-week interval. The rest patients received 2 intravenous 500 mg infusions. The response was evaluated by DAS28 index. Results. Rituximab administration resulted in almost complete elimination of B-cells from peripheral blood. This produced a significant positive effect manifesting with reduction in the number of inflamed and painful joints. This trend was evident to observation week 8 reaching maximum to week 24. Clinical response correlated with decline of inflammation as shown by ESR and CRP. According to DAS28 index, good and satisfactory results were registered in 8 weeks in 62% patients, in 16 weeks - in 86%, in 24 weeks - in 100%. Rituximab tolerance was good. Conclusion. Effective treatment with rituximab for rheumatoid arthritis opened a new perspective in antirheumatic biological therapy and demonstrated an important role of B-cells in the disease development. This drug is recommended for wide use in the treatment of severe rheumatoid arthritis resistant to prior therapy including TNF-alpha blockers.
Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2008;80(8):57-62
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Simvastatin effects on the disease activity and cholesterol content in blood serum lipoprotein subfractions in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Abstract
Aim. To study activity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and cholesterol content in subfractions of blood serum lipoproteins in the course of simvastatin treatment. Material and methods. The pilot study enrolled 16 patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) meeting ACR criteria. Any standard anti-RA medication in stable doses was supplemented with simvastatin in a dose 40 mg/day for 12 weeks. The response was assessed by contents of cholesterol in serum lipoprotein subfractions and DAS28 index. Results. At the end of the treatment course there was a significant elevation of HDLP2 and HDLP3 cholesterol and reduction in the levels of LDLP1-3 and LDLP cholesterol. DAS28 decreased by 0.89 points to the end of the treatment. Conclusion. Administration of simvastatin in patients with active RA on standard disease-modulating drugs has an antiatherogenic action and attenuates the disease activity. These pilot data should be confirmed by further large-scale controlled trials.
Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2008;80(8):63-65
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Prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease in moscow: results of a population study
Abstract
Aim. To study prevalence of the principal symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in Moscow. Material and methods. A total of 1065 respondents aged 15-85 years (a random representative sample of population of one of the typical Moscow districts) participated in a questionnaire survey using the international questionnaire for detection of GERD incidence. Results. Epigastric burning (EB) occurs in 39.6% examinees. GERD prevalence is 14.2%. Subjects with EB have the following symptoms of GERD: regurgitation (66.3%), epigastric pain (discomfort) (53.0%), nausea (43.6%), vomiting (23.2%), dysphagia (20.6%), chest pain (18.0%), odinophagia (5.5%), singultus (4.6%). There is a direct correlation between incidence rate of EB, height, body mass index, number of alcohol excesses and smoked sigarettes. Conclusion. EB occurs in both young and aged men and women with similar frequency. Significant differences were detected only in the age group 45-59 years in which EB is more frequent in women. All the symptoms excluding cough and singultus were seen in women significantly more frequently. With age, these differences disappeared but noncardial pain in the chest that was less frequent in the elderly. Muscovites with GERD symptoms are older (61.26 ± 13.47 years) than those without such symptoms (58.44 ± 16.28, p < 0.0001).
Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2008;80(8):66-68
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"Functionality" of antibodies: clinical implications
Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2008;80(8):68-75
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Outpatient treatment. Stages of development. Perspectives
Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2008;80(8):76-78
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Therapy as a base of national health promotion. issues of medical ethics
Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2008;80(8):78-80
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Is it possible to modify the course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with modern medication?
Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2008;80(8):80-86
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Beta-adrenoblockers use in combination of cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases
Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2008;80(8):86-89
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Pneumonia as a general medical problem
Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2008;80(8):89-93
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Results of national congresses of therapists in the Russian Federation
Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2008;80(8):95-96
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