Experience in theuse of polymerase chain reaction for determining T-cellclonality


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Abstract

Aim. To distinguish T-cell lymphomas and reactive T-cell proliferation it is important to confirm the
ability of T-cells to be cloned. Conventional histological and immunophenotypic methods fail to determine
the ability of T-cells to be cloned. An experience in the use of detection of T-cell receptor gene
gamma-chain (TCRy) rearrangement for determining T-cellular clonality is described.
Material and methods. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and single strand conformational polymorphism
(SSCP) were used to determine T-cell clonality. Twenty healthy donors, 28 patients with T-lymphomas,
and 26patients with various non-T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders or reactive processes
were studied.
Results. T-cell monoclonality was detected in 23/28 (82%) T-cell lymphoma cases, whereas in all the
samples from normal subjects a polyclonal pattern of rearrangements TCRy was found. The sensitivity
of the method was estimated as 2,5%, 7%, and 10% was demonstrated for bone marrow, spleen, and
peripheral blood, respectively.
Conclusion. PCR-SSCP for TCRy was found to be a useful supplement to routine histological and immunophenotypic
methods in the diagnosis of T-cell lymphomas.

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