Modification of Ultrafiltration Membranes Based on Polyacrylonitrile

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Abstract

The effect of three techniques of modification of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) ultrafiltration membranes with polyelectrolytes was studied: (1) bulk modification by addition of polyacrylic acid (PAA) into the casting solution (CS), (2) surface modification by using aqueous solutions of polyethyleneimine (PEI) as a coagulation bath (CB), (3) combined modification by addition of PAA into the CS and using PEI solutions as CBs – on their structure and performance. In all three cases, modification with polyelectrolytes led to an effective hydrophilization of the surface of ultrafiltration membranes (the water contact angle decreased from 41 to 15–25°). It was found that bulk modification of PAN membranes with 0.2 wt. % PAA yielded the decrease of the water flux from 110 to 96 L/m2 h. However, surface modification of PAN membranes using aqueous solutions of PEI as CBs resulted in the increase in water flux more than 2 times from 110 to 294 L/m2 h. It was shown that the combined modification technique reduced the water flux of PAN membranes down to 44 L/m2 h due to structure compaction, confirmed by scanning electron microscopy studies. It was revealed that the combined modification technique allowed to obtain ultrafiltration PAN membranes with a high degree of flux recovery ratio after filtration of model solutions of polyvinylpyrrolidone (73–100% compared to 65% for the reference PAN membrane) and humic acids (80% compared to 73% for the reference PAN membrane).

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About the authors

K. S. Burts

Institute of Physical-Organic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus

Author for correspondence.
Email: katyaburt@gmail.com
Belarus, Minsk, 13, Surganov St., 220072

M. V. Krasnova

Institute of Physical-Organic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus

Email: katyaburt@gmail.com
Belarus, Minsk, 13, Surganov St., 220072

M. S. Makarava

Institute of Physical-Organic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus

Email: katyaburt@gmail.com
Belarus, Minsk, 13, Surganov St., 220072

A. L. Yaskevich

Institute of Physical-Organic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus

Email: katyaburt@gmail.com
Belarus, Minsk, 13, Surganov St., 220072

T. V. Plisko

Institute of Physical-Organic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus

Email: katyaburt@gmail.com
Belarus, Minsk, 13, Surganov St., 220072

E. A. Nazarov

Institute of Physical-Organic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus

Email: katyaburt@gmail.com
Belarus, Minsk, 13, Surganov St., 220072

A. V. Bildyukevich

Institute of Physical-Organic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus

Email: katyaburt@gmail.com
Belarus, Minsk, 13, Surganov St., 220072

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Dependence of viscosity and turbidity of FR on PAC concentration.

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3. Fig. 2. SEM micrographs of cross-sectional fragments of PAN membranes as a function of PAC concentration in FR: a - PAN-0-0, b - PAN-0.05-0, c - PAN-0.1-0, d - PAN-0.2-0.

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4. Fig. 3. Transport properties of ultrafiltration PAN membranes as a function of PAC concentration in FR.

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5. Fig. 4. SEM-micrographs of cross-sectional fragments of PAN membranes obtained using different OM: a - PAN-0-0, b - PAN-0-0.1, c - PAN-0-0.3, d - PAN-0-0.5.

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6. Fig. 5. SEM micrographs of fragments of cross sections of PAN-based membranes: a - PAN-0-0, b - PAN-0.1-0.1, c - PAN-0.1-0.3, d - PAN-0.1-0.5.

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7. Fig. 6. Dependence of the wetting angle of PAN membranes over water on the concentrations of PAC in FR and PEI in OM.

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8. Fig. 7. Specific water productivity (a) and retention coefficient by PVP K30 (b) of ultrafiltration PAN membranes as a function of PAC concentrations in FR and PEI in OM.

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9. Fig. 8. Flow recovery rate after filtration of PVP K30 solution as a function of PAC concentrations in FR and PEI in OM.

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