Investigation of Intercalation and De-Intercalation of Lithium Ions in Thin-Film Lithium-Ion Battery by Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry

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Abstract

This paper presents an in-situ study of lithium distribution in an all-solid-state thin-film lithium-ion battery by Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry (RBS). Helium ions (4He+) with energy 1.8 MeV were used in the experiment under conditions of normal falling to the surface. The angle of ion scattering was 165°. Based on the energy loss of scattered ions, the lithium concentration in the battery layers was obtained in both the charge and discharge state. It was found that the lithium concentrations obtained using RBS and the galvanostatic method coincide numerically, provided that the 4He+ stopping cross section for lithium in anode layer were two times smaller than for single element.

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About the authors

S. V. Kurbatov

RUDN University

Author for correspondence.
Email: kurbatov-93@bk.ru
Moscow, 117198

N. S. Melesov

Yaroslavl Branch of the Valiev Institute of Physics and Technology of the RAS

Email: melesovns@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Yaroslavl, 150067

E. O. Parshin

Yaroslavl Branch of the Valiev Institute of Physics and Technology of the RAS

Email: melesovns@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Yaroslavl, 150067

A. S. Rudy

Yaroslavl Branch of the Valiev Institute of Physics and Technology of the RAS

Email: melesovns@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Yaroslavl, 150067

A. A. Mironenko

Demidov Yaroslavl State University

Email: melesovns@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Yaroslavl, 150003

V. V. Naumov

Demidov Yaroslavl State University

Email: melesovns@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Yaroslavl, 150003

A. M. Skundin

A.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry of the RAS

Email: melesovns@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow, 119071

V. I. Bachurin

Yaroslavl Branch of the Valiev Institute of Physics and Technology of the RAS

Email: melesovns@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Yaroslavl, 150067

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Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
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1. JATS XML
2. Fig. 1. (a) - Photograph of the TTLIA sample with layer designations, (b) - sample on the ROP analyser stage: 1 - lower titanium current collector, 2 - LiPON/LiCoO2 layer boundary, 3 - open part of the Si@O@Al layer, 4 - upper titanium current collector.

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3. Fig. 2. Schematic of scattering of a normally incident He+ beam on a TTLIA.

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4. Fig. 3. Charge-discharge curves of TTLIA with Ti/Si@O@Al(anode)LiPON(electrolyte)/LiCoO2(cathode)/Ti structure: (a) - current 8 μA, potential window 1.5-3.8 V, (b) - current 4 μA, potential window 1.5-3.8 V. (1 - battery charge, 2 - discharge).

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5. Fig. 4. SEM image of the transverse spalling of the TTLIA.

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6. Fig. 5. Reserford backscattering spectra of TTLIA in charged (curve 1 in the figure) and discharged (curve 2 in the figure) states; (a) - charge-discharge current of 8 μA, (b) - current of 4 μA. The initial energy of probing He+ ions is 1.8 MeV, irradiation dose D = 10 μCl, channel width is 2.2376 keV.

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7. Fig. 6. Comparison of experimental spectra (curve - 1) with the results of SIMNRA modelling (Fig. 2): (a) - in discharged state, current 8 μA, (b) - in charged state, current 8 μA, (c) - in discharged state, current 4 μA and (d) - in charged state, current 4 μA. The channel width is 2.2376 keV and the zero offset is 26 keV.

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