Sources of Silver in North-Eastern Rus in the 10th–13th centuries ad according to lead isotope analysis

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The article discusses the results of lead isotope analysis of 54 silver objects from the 9th–13th centuries AD from rural sites of Suzdal Opolye and villages around Murom. As a result of comparing the obtained data with the available databases for Pb-Pb isotopic values of archaeological objects from various collections and ore samples, it was established that in the second half of the 10th – early 11th century AD, Samanid dirhams were used in Opolye as a raw material for jewellery making. In the 11th century, silver from European sources began to flow into the region via the Baltic, becoming dominant by the end of the century. In Opolye and Murom of the 12th century, adornments were made from European raw materials.

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Sobre autores

Stephen Merkel

Amsterdam Free University (Vrije Universiteit)

Autor responsável pela correspondência
Email: swmerkel@hotmail.com
Países Baixos, Amsterdam

Irina Zaytseva

Institute of Archaeology RAS

Email: izaitseva@yandex.ru
Rússia, Moscow

Andrey Chugaev

Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy and Geochemistry RAS

Email: vassachav@mail.ru
Rússia, Moscow

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2. Fig. 1. Silver objects from Suzdal Opolye and Murom rural sites

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3. Fig. 2. Silver objects from Suzdal Opolye

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4. Fig. 3. Comparison of Byzantine silver coins with ores of the Taurus Mountains (Taurus 2A)

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5. Fig. 4. Comparison of dirhams and their imitations with the Abbasid dirham database

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6. Fig. 5. Comparison of dirhams and their imitations with the main isotopic groups of Samanid dirhams

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7. Fig. 6. Comparison of European coins and jewellery from Opolye with coins from the late 10th–11th centuries AD from Germany, Denmark, England and Ireland, as well as lead and pewter from Hedeby and Schleswig

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8. Fig. 7. Comparison of decorations from Opolye and Murom with Samanid dirhams and their imitations

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9. Fig. 8. Groups of silver jewellery (Opolye and Murom), with bismuth in the metal (a) and without it (б)

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