Эволюционный статус околоземной кометы 7P/Pons-Winnecke

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Abstract

7P/Pons–Winnecke – околоземная короткопериодическая комета с умеренным уровнем активности. В этой работе мы представляем анализ наблюдений, выполненных в благоприятном появлении 2021 г., свидетельствующих о ее статусе как переходной стареющей кометы. Сублимация начинается близко к Солнцу: на расстоянии RON = 1.76 ± 0.1 а. е., продолжается ~13 месяцев и, вероятно, обусловлена остаточными запасами водяного льда. Пылепроизводительность кометы даже в перигелии невысока (<150 кг/с), и 1.4% активной площади ядра достаточно, чтобы обеспечить данную потерю массы. Фотометрический возраст кометы PAGE = 54.4 кометного года, что в совокупности с амплитудой кривой блеска ASEC(1;1) = 5.5m соответствует статусу переходной средневозрастной кометы.

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А. О. Новичонок

ФГБОУ “Петрозаводский государственный университет”

Author for correspondence.
Email: artnovich@inbox.ru
Russian Federation, Петрозаводск

А. А. Шмальц

ИПМ им. М.В. Келдыша РАН

Email: artnovich@inbox.ru
Russian Federation, Москва

С. В. Назаров

Крымская астрофизическая обсерватория РАН

Email: artnovich@inbox.ru
Russian Federation, пос. Научный

А. С. Позаненко

ИКИ РАН

Email: artnovich@inbox.ru
Russian Federation, Москва

Е. В. Новичонок

Карельский научный центр РАН

Email: artnovich@inbox.ru
Russian Federation, Петрозаводск

М. А. Терешина

ИПМ им. М.В. Келдыша РАН

Email: artnovich@inbox.ru
Russian Federation, Москва

В. А. Воропаев

ИПМ им. М.В. Келдыша РАН

Email: artnovich@inbox.ru
Russian Federation, Москва

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Examples of images of comet 7P/P–W: (a) – November 29, 2020, G = 20.5 (1.0-m RC*, inactive); (b) – February 4, 2021, G = 18.7 (1.0-m RC, inactive); (c) – February 11, 2021, G = 18.7 (0.36-m RC, close to the start of activity); (d) – March 15, 2021, G = 16.3 (0.35-m N, active). * – The telescopes in brackets have the same designations as in Table 2. Each of the insets has a field of view of 90΄΄.

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3. Fig. 2. Light curve of comet 7P/P–W at heliocentric distances rH –4.4 … –1.45 AU (minus denotes the period of time before perihelion, X-axis). Shown is the light curve of the inactive nucleus (nucl. LC), as well as observations corrected to the V-band (Y-axis): from the MPC database (MPC obs) and our own (our obs). The arrow indicates the approximate moment of the onset of activity (RON).

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4. Fig. 3. Amateur images of comet 7P/P–W, which made it possible to determine the size parameters of the comet's dust cloud. North is at the top, east is at the left. The antisolar direction (–S) and the retrograde motion vector (–V) are indicated: (a) is an image obtained on May 18, 2021, by M. Jäger (with a 0.3-meter telescope), in which the dust tail is traced to 3΄.5; (b) is an image by T. Angel obtained on June 4, 2021 (2.0-meter Faulkes telescope), showing a dust coma after a recent outburst. The parabolic shape of the coma was formed under conditions of gravity and solar radiation pressure. The angular distance to the apex of the parabola, determined by the visible contrast of the coma, is shown.

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