Комплекс научной аппаратуры посадочной платформы ЭкзоМарс‑2022

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Abstract

Представлены научные задачи, приборы и программа измерений комплекса научной аппаратуры стационарной посадочной платформы “Казачок” проекта Госкорпорации Роскосмос и Европейского космического агентства (ESA) ЭкзоМарс-2022. Научные задачи исследований на посадочной платформе включали долговременный мониторинг климата, исследования состава атмосферы, механизмов подъема пыли и связанных электрических явлений, взаимодействий между атмосферой и поверхностью, распространенности воды в подповерхностом слое, мониторинг радиационной обстановки и изучение внутреннего строения Марса. Для решения этих задач были созданы, испытаны и интегрированы в состав космического комплекса 11 российских и два европейских прибора общей массой 45 кг. В их числе система телевизионных камер, метеокомплексы, комплекс для исследования пыли и связанных с ней электрических явлений, оптические спектрометры и аналитический комплекс для исследования состава атмосферы, микроволновый радиометр, нейтронный и гамма-спектрометры для исследования поверхности, сейсмометр, магнитометры и эксперимент по определению собственного движения Марса для исследования внутреннего строения. Хотя проект ЭкзоМарс-2022 прекращен, научные задачи комплекса не утратили актуальности, а технические решения и разработки, реализованные в научной аппаратуре, представляют интерес и перспективны для дальнейших исследований Марса.

About the authors

О. И. Кораблев

Институт космических исследований Российской академии наук (ИКИ РАН)

Author for correspondence.
Email: korab@cosmos.ru
Russian Federation, Москва

Д. С. Родионов

Институт космических исследований Российской академии наук (ИКИ РАН)

Email: rodionov@cosmos.ru
Russian Federation, Москва

Л. М. Зеленый

Институт космических исследований Российской академии наук (ИКИ РАН)

Email: lzelenyi@cosmos.ru
Russian Federation, Москва

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