The “Era of Pacifism” in Soviet-British Relations During the 1920s

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Аннотация

This article examines the nature of Soviet-British relations in the mid-1920s, a period often referred to in diplomatic history as the “Era of Pacifism”. Drawing on previously unexplored or little-known documents from Austen Chamberlain’s personal collection, as well as Russian diplomatic archives, the study explores the impact of the so-called Locarno process on the fluctuating security-related engagements between Moscow and London and their influence on the consolidation of the Versailles-Washington international system. An analysis of the preparations for and outcomes of the Locarno Conference leaves little doubt that, despite their generally negative stance towards its results, some pragmatically minded members of the Bolshevik party-state elite recognised the necessity of gradually reintegrating the Soviet Union into the international community. This was seen as essential both to overcoming diplomatic isolation and to ensuring the “construction of socialism in one country” in the context of the declining revolutionary wave. Furthermore, the “German factor” played a critical role not only in shaping efforts to normalise Soviet-British relations but also in stabilising the post-war international order – an objective in which both the Soviet Union and the United Kingdom had a vested interest, albeit for different reasons. For the USSR, it was a means of preventing a renewed armed intervention aimed at toppling the Bolshevik regime, while for Britain, it was crucial to preserving the empire and facilitating its gradual transformation into the Commonwealth under a confederal framework.

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Авторлар туралы

Evgeny Sergeev

Institute of World History, Russian Academy of Sciences; Russian State University for the Humanities; State Academic University for the Humanities

Хат алмасуға жауапты Автор.
Email: eugene.sergeev59@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7834-5824
Scopus Author ID: 56445046700

Dr. Sci. (Hist.), Professor

Ресей, Moscow; Moscow; Moscow

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