Eight-year experience in treating aggressive mediastinal large B-cell lymphomas


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AIM: To make a differential diagnosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with primary involvement of the mediastinal lymph nodes (LN) and primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (PMLBCL); to evaluate the efficiency of a modified NHL-BFM-90 (M-NHL-BFM-90) program in the treatment of the above nosological entities/MATERIAL AND METHODS: The investigation enrolled 60 patients with large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL) with primary involvement of mediastinal LN who had been treated at the Hematology Research Center, Ministry of Health of Russia, in 2004 to 2012. The diagnosis of PMLBCL and DLBCL with primary involvement of mediastinal LN was based on histological findings, the phenotype of tumor cells, and molecular evidence. Treatment was performed according to the M-NHL-BFM-90 program. Three pregnant women received predelivery polychemotherapy (PCT) according to the VACOP-B protocol and continued to have a DexaBEAM chemotherapy regimen 3-4 weeks postpartum. In case of a residual mass, all the patients underwent consolidation radiotherapy to the mediastinal area in a total focal dose of 36 Gy/RESULTS: The diagnosis of PMLBCL was established in 39 patients: 10 men and 29 women whose ages were 18 to 60 years (median age 30 years); DLBCL with primary involvement of mediastinal LN was verified in 21 patients: 8 men and 13 women whose age was 21 to 70 years (median age 30 years). After m-NHL-BFM-90 treatment protocol, 5-year overall survival rates in the patients with DLBCL with primary involvement of mediastinal LN and in those with PMLBCL were 95±5 and 86±6% and 5-year event-free survival rates were 95±5 and 78±7%, respectively. All the pregnant women diagnosed with PMLBCL who had received the VACOP-B ⇒ delivery ⇒ Dexa-BEAM PCT regimen during pregnancy achieved remission. The follow-up periods were 30, 36, and 42 weeks/CONCLUSION: The patients with new-onset LBCL and primary involvement of mediastinal LN are a heterogeneous group that includes patients having two different diagnoses: PMLBCL and DLBCL. The efficiency of high-dose PCT is different in the patients with DLBCL with primary involvement of mediastinal LN and in those with PMLBCL (in spite of their similar clinical features, similar epidemiological characteristics, and the presence of the same unfavorable prognostic factors at onset).

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Восьмилетний опыт лечения агрессивных В-крупно­клеточных лимфом средостения. - Резюме. Цель исследования. Дифференциальная диагностика диффузной B-крупноклеточной лимфомы (ДВККЛ) с первичным вовлечением лимфатических узлов (ЛУ) средостения и первичной медиастинальной В-крупноклеточной лимфомы (ПМ-ВККЛ); оценка эффективности модифицированной программы NHL-BFM-90 (m-NHL-BFM-90) в лечении указанных нозологических форм. Материалы и методы. В исследование включили 60 пациентов с В-крупноклеточной лимфомой (ВККЛ) с первичным вовлечением ЛУ средостения, проходивших лечение в Гематологическом научном центре Минздрава России с 2004 по 2012 г. Диагностика ПМ-ВККЛ и ДВККЛ с первичным вовлечением ЛУ средостения основывалась на особенностях гистологической картины, фенотипе опухолевых клеток и данных молекулярных исследований. Лечение осуществляли по модифицированной программе NHL-BFM-90. У 3 беременных пациенток до родоразрешения проводили полихимиотера­пию (ПХТ) по программе VACOP-B, а через 3-4 нед после родов продолжили химиотерапию по схеме Dexa-BEAM. При наличии остаточного образования всем пациентам с консолидирующей целью выполняли лучевую терапию на область средостения в суммарной очаговой дозе 36 Гр. Результаты. Диагноз ПМ-ВККЛ установлен 39 больным: 10 мужчинам и 29 женщинам в возрасте от 18 до 60 лет (медиана 30 лет); ДВККЛ с первичным вовлечением ЛУ средостения верифицирована у 21 пациента: у 8 мужчин и 13 женщин в возрасте от 21 года до 70 лет (медиана 30 лет). При лечении по программе m-NHL-BFM-90 5-летняя общая выживаемость у пациентов ДВККЛ с первичным вовлечением ЛУ средостения и с ПМ-ВККЛ составила 95±5 и 86±6%, 5-летняя "бессобытийная" - 95±5 и 78±7% соответственно. У всех беременных с диагнозом ПМ-ВККЛ, получавших во время беременности ПХТ по схеме VACOP-B⇒родоразрешение⇒Dexa-BEAM, достигнута ремиссия заболевания. Срок наблюдения составил 30, 36 и 42 мес. Заключение. Больные с впервые выявленной ВККЛ с первичным вовлечением средостения представляют гетерогенную группу, включавшую пациентов с двумя различными диагнозами: ПМ-ВККЛ и ДВККЛ. Эффективность высокодозной ПХТ в группе пациентов с ДВККЛ с первичным вовлечением ЛУ средостения и в группе ПМ-ВККЛ различна (несмотря на однотипную клиническую картину, схожие эпидемиологические характеристики и наличие одних и тех же факторов неблагоприятного прогноза в дебюте заболевания).
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