Stability of Ionogels upon Contact with Water: Effect of Polymer Matrix Hydrophobicity and Ionic Liquid Solubility

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New composite materials (ionogels) have been obtained based on imidazolium ionic liquids immobilized in highly porous polymers, i.e., polyamide 6,6 (nylon 6,6) and low-density polyethylene. A method has been proposed for determining the rate of ionic liquid removal from an ionogel upon contact with water, with this method being based on continuous measuring the conductivity of an aqueous phase. The results of the conductometric measurements have been confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography data. It has been shown that the stability of ionogels upon contact with water is determined by both the hydrophobicity of a polymer matrix and the solubility of an ionic liquid in water. The highest degree of ionic liquid removal (more than 80%) has been observed for composites based on porous polyamide 6,6 (hydrophilic matrix) and dicyanimide 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium (completely miscible with water). Ionogels based on lowdensity polyethylene (hydrophobic matrix) and bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium (poorly soluble, <1 wt %, in water) have shown the highest stability (washout degree of no more than 53% over 24 h). The method proposed for analyzing the rate of ionic liquid dissolution in water has been used to discuss the mechanism of this process.

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Sobre autores

S. Kotsov

Институт общей и неорганической химии им. Н.С. Курнакова РАН

Email: a.baranchikov@yandex.ru
Rússia, Москва

A. Badulina

Институт общей и неорганической химии им. Н.С. Курнакова РАН; Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова

Email: a.baranchikov@yandex.ru
Rússia, Москва; Москва

E. Trufanova

Институт общей и неорганической химии им. Н.С. Курнакова РАН; Высшая школа экономики

Email: a.baranchikov@yandex.ru
Rússia, Москва; Москва

G. Taran

Институт общей и неорганической химии им. Н.С. Курнакова РАН

Email: a.baranchikov@yandex.ru
Rússia, Москва

A. Baranchikov

Институт общей и неорганической химии им. Н.С. Курнакова РАН

Autor responsável pela correspondência
Email: a.baranchikov@yandex.ru
Rússia, Москва

A. Nelyubin

Институт общей и неорганической химии им. Н.С. Курнакова РАН

Email: a.baranchikov@yandex.ru
Rússia, Москва

A. Malkova

Федеральный исследовательский центр проблем химической физики и медицинской химии

Email: a.baranchikov@yandex.ru
Rússia, Черноголовка

M. Nikiforova

Институт общей и неорганической химии им. Н.С. Курнакова РАН

Email: a.baranchikov@yandex.ru
Rússia, Москва

S. Lermontov

Федеральный исследовательский центр проблем химической физики и медицинской химии

Email: a.baranchikov@yandex.ru
Rússia, Черноголовка

V. Ivanov

Институт общей и неорганической химии им. Н.С. Курнакова РАН

Email: a.baranchikov@yandex.ru
Rússia, Москва

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2. Fig. 1. Calibration dependences of electrical conductivity of aqueous solutions of ionic liquids BMIM DCA (1) and BMIM TFSI (2) (line thickness corresponds to 95% confidence interval)

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3. Fig. 2. Appearance of the samples of porous polymers as well as the corresponding ionogels before and after contact with the aqueous phase for 24 h

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4. Fig. 3. Diffractograms of highly porous polymer matrices PA and LDPE, as well as ionogels obtained from them, containing ionic liquids BMIM DCA or BMIM TFSI, and ionogels after prolonged (24 h) contact with water. (a) BMIM DCA, (b) BMIM TFSI, (c) LDPE, (d) PA-6,6, (e) LDPE-DCA-M, (f) LDPE-TFSI-M, (g) LDPE-DCA-M, (h) LDPE-TFSI-M. Diffractograms: 1 - ionogels before contact with water, 2 - ionogels after incubation in water

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5. Fig. 4. IR spectra of highly porous polymers as well as the corresponding ionogels before and after soaking in water for a day. The optical density of the ionogels is normalised to the intensity of the bands at 1466 cm-1 (LDPE) or 1632 (PA) cm-1. (a) BMIM DCA, (b) LDPE-DCA-M, (c) PA-DCA-M, (d) BMIM TFSI, (e) LDPE-TFSI-M, (f) PA-TSFI-M. Curves 1 - ionogels before contact with water, 2 - ionogels after soaking in water, 3 - spectra of the corresponding polymers

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6. Fig. 5. Dependences of the relative content of ionic liquids in the ionogels composition on the duration of their incubation in water, plotted on the basis of conductometry data, for samples: a) with initial content of ionic liquids 1 mmol/g; b) with the maximum possible content of ionic liquids. 1 - PAVD-TFSI, 2 - PAVD-DCA, 3 - PA-TFSI, 4 - PA-DCA, 5 - PAVD-TFSI-M, 6 - PA-TFSI-M, 7 - PAVD-DCA-M, 8 - PAVD-DCA-M. The width of the lines corresponds to the 95% confidence interval

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