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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Terapevticheskii arkhiv</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Terapevticheskii arkhiv</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Терапевтический архив</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0040-3660</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2309-5342</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">LLC Obyedinennaya Redaktsiya</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">79550</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26442/00403660.2021.08.200918</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Roles of active forms of vitamin D in supporting innate immune systems and in reducing excess inflammation in COVID-19</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Роли активных форм витамина D в поддержке систем врожденного иммунитета и снижении избыточного воспаления при COVID-19</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7663-710X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gromova</surname><given-names>Olga A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Громова</surname><given-names>Ольга Алексеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник, науч. руководитель Института фармакоинформатики, ведущий научный сотрудник СГМУ</p></bio><email>unesco.gromova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2659-7998</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Torshin</surname><given-names>Ivan I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Торшин</surname><given-names>Иван Юрьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат физико-математических наук, кандидат химических наук, старший научный сотрудник Института фармакоинформатики, ведущий научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>unesco.gromova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5070-5450</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chuchalin</surname><given-names>Alexander G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чучалин</surname><given-names>Александр Григорьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>академик РАН, заведующий кафедрой госпитальной терапии педиатрического факультета РНИМУ, пульмонолог </p></bio><email>unesco.gromova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5965-5592</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozhevnikova</surname><given-names>Elena N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кожевникова</surname><given-names>Елена Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, исполняющий обязанности руководителя научно-аналитического отделение</p></bio><email>unesco.gromova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2521-0824</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Malyavskaya</surname><given-names>Svetlana I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малявская</surname><given-names>Светлана Ивановна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, проректор по научной работе</p></bio><email>unesco.gromova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Computer Science and Control</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФИЦ «Информатика и управление» Российской академии наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Northern State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">«Северный государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Northern State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Северный государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт общей патологии и патофизиологии»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-08-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>08</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>93</volume><issue>8</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>948</fpage><lpage>953</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-09-04"><day>04</day><month>09</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-09-04"><day>04</day><month>09</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/article/view/79550">https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/article/view/79550</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A reduced supply of micronutrient vitamin D leads to a more severe course of coronavirus infection (COVID-19). Vitamin D deficiency is combined with a decrease in innate antiviral immunity and excess of inflammation. Vitamin D supplementation stimulates the synthesis of antibacterial peptides and is important for weakening the cytokine storm, reducing excessive acute and chronic inflammation, and also for compensating for chronic comorbid pathologies. Active forms of vitamin D (alfacalcidol, etc.) are of particular importance for compensating for vitamin D deficiency in elderly patients, endocrine-immune dysfunction, sarcopenia, chronic renal failure (in which the metabolism of vitamin D in the kidneys is disturbed).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Сниженная обеспеченность микронутриентом витамином D приводит к более тяжелому течению коронавирусной инфекции (COVID-19). Недостаточность витамина D сочетается с понижением врожденного противовирусного иммунитета и избыточным воспалением. Дотации витамина D стимулируют синтез антибактериальных пептидов, они важны для ослабления цитокинового шторма, снижения избыточного острого и хронического воспаления, а также для компенсации хронических коморбидных патологий. Активные формы витамина D (альфакальцидол и др.) приобретают особое значение для компенсации недостаточности витамина D у пожилых пациентов, а также лиц с эндокринно-иммунной дисфункцией, саркопенией, хронической почечной недостаточностью (при которой нарушается метаболизм витамина D в почках).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>antiviral immunity</kwd><kwd>micronutrients</kwd><kwd>alfacalcidol</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>противовирусный иммунитет</kwd><kwd>микронутриенты</kwd><kwd>альфакальцидол</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Han H, Yang L, Liu R, et al. 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