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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Terapevticheskii arkhiv</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Terapevticheskii arkhiv</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Терапевтический архив</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0040-3660</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2309-5342</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">LLC Obyedinennaya Redaktsiya</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">686876</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26442/00403660.2026.04.203575</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Features of disorders of the gut microbiota in patients with urolithiasis, depending on the severity of symptoms of intestinal indigestion and indicators obtained in laboratory and instrumental assessment</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Особенности нарушений кишечной микробиоты у пациентов с мочекаменной болезнью в зависимости от выраженности симптомов кишечной диспепсии и показателей, полученных при лабораторных и инструментальных исследованиях</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3138-8410</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sturov</surname><given-names>Nikolay V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стуров</surname><given-names>Николай Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доц., зав. каф. общей врачебной практики медицинского института</p></bio><email>popov-serv@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0567-4616</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Popov</surname><given-names>Sergey V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попов</surname><given-names>Сергей Витальевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, проф. каф. общей врачебной практики медицинского института, врач-уролог</p></bio><email>popov-serv@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5873-1768</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kobalava</surname><given-names>Zhanna D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кобалава</surname><given-names>Жанна Давидовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>чл.-кор. РАН, д-р мед. наук, проф., зав. каф. внутренних болезней с курсом кардиологии и функциональной диагностики им. акад. В.С. Моисеева медицинского института, рук. Института клинической медицины</p></bio><email>popov-serv@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6655-0369</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanov</surname><given-names>Zakhar A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванов</surname><given-names>Захар Андреевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент каф. общей врачебной практики медицинского института</p></bio><email>popov-serv@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9995-264X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhukov</surname><given-names>Vladimir A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жуков</surname><given-names>Владимир Андреевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доц. каф. общей врачебной практики медицинского института</p></bio><email>popov-serv@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">People’s Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов им. Патриса Лумумбы»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-05-02" publication-format="electronic"><day>02</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>98</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">Issues of diagnostics of internal diseases</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы диагностики внутренних болезней</issue-title><fpage>217</fpage><lpage>225</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-07-07"><day>07</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-01-23"><day>23</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/article/view/686876">https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/article/view/686876</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Aim.</bold> The study examined the composition of the gut microbiota (GM) in patients with urolithiasis compared to healthy volunteers, based on laboratory, instrumental, and gastroenterological quality of life questionnaire (Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale – GSRS) results.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> The composition of GM was studied using fecal samples obtained from 35 patients with urolithiasis and 31 healthy volunteers using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The GSRS questionnaire was used to assess gastrointestinal symptoms. In the group of patients with urolithiasis, the body mass index, serum creatinine concentration (with calculation of glomerular filtration rate), and serum uric acid concentration were analyzed, as well as the density of urinary stones using multispiral computed tomography (MSCT) in Hounsfield units (HU).</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> Statistical analysis of the data revealed violations of the composition of the GM against the background of urolithiasis in comparison with healthy volunteers (control group): patients with urolithiasis had a statistically significant increase in the content of bacteria <italic>Corynebacterium</italic> spp., <italic>Peptostreptococcus anaerobius 18623</italic>, a decrease in the number of <italic>Clostridium propionicum (Anaerotignum propionicum)</italic>, on average, 7 times, compared to the control group. When comparing the composition of the GM depending on the type of urinary stones, in the subgroup of patients with oxalate stones (<italic>n</italic>=18), an increase in the number of <italic>Clostridium perfringens</italic> was detected in the fecal samples, and in the subgroup of patients with uric acid stones (<italic>n</italic>=17), a decrease in the number of <italic>Prevotella</italic> bacteria was observed. In patients with urolithiasis, there was a negative correlation between the total GSRS score and the severity of dyspepsia syndrome, as well as the number of <italic>Propionibacterium</italic> spp. in the GM.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> The composition of the GM in patients with urolithiasis was significantly different from that of the GM in healthy volunteers. Statistically significant differences in the composition of the GM were found in patients with uric acid and oxalate stones.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Цель.</bold> Изучение нарушений состава кишечной микробиоты (КМ) у пациентов с мочекаменной болезнью (МКБ) в сравнении со здоровыми добровольцами в зависимости от значений лабораторных, инструментальных показателей и результатов заполнения гастроэнтерологического опросника качества жизни (Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale – GSRS).</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Проведено исследование состава КМ по образцам фекалий, полученных от 35 пациентов с МКБ и 31 здорового добровольца, при помощи метода газовой хроматографии-масс-спектрометрии. Для оценки симптомов со стороны желудочно-кишечного тракта использовали опросник GSRS. В группе пациентов с МКБ проведен анализ индекса массы тела, концентрации креатинина (с расчетом скорости клубочковой фильтрации) и мочевой кислоты в сыворотке крови, плотности мочевых камней с помощью мультиспиральной компьютерной томографии (МСКТ) в единицах Хаунсфилда (HU).</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> При статистическом анализе полученных данных выявлены нарушения состава КМ на фоне МКБ в сравнении со здоровыми добровольцами (группой контроля): у пациентов с МКБ наблюдались статистически значимое повышение содержания бактерий <italic>Corynebacterium</italic> spp., <italic>Peptostreptococcus anaerobius 18623</italic>, снижение количества <italic>Clostridium propionicum (Anaerotignum propionicum)</italic>, в среднем в 7 раз, по сравнению с группой контроля. При сравнении состава КМ в зависимости от типа мочевых камней в подгруппе пациентов с оксалатными камнями (<italic>n</italic>=18) в образцах фекалий выявлено увеличение численности <italic>Clostridium perfringens</italic>, а в подгруппе пациентов с мочекислыми камнями (<italic>n</italic>=17) наблюдалось снижение численности бактерий рода <italic>Prevotella</italic>. У пациентов с МКБ установлена обратная связь как суммарного балла по GSRS, так и отдельно выраженности синдрома диспепсии с количеством <italic>Propionibacterium</italic> spp. в КМ.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> КМ пациентов с МКБ достоверно отличалась по составу от КМ здоровых добровольцев. Установлены статистически значимые отличия состава КМ у пациентов с мочекислыми и оксалатными камнями.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>urolithiasis</kwd><kwd>gut microbiota</kwd><kwd>gas chromatography-mass spectrometry</kwd><kwd>oxalate stones</kwd><kwd>uric acid stones</kwd><kwd>stone density</kwd><kwd>Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale</kwd><kwd>creatinine</kwd><kwd>uric acid</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мочекаменная болезнь</kwd><kwd>кишечная микробиота</kwd><kwd>газовая хроматография-масс-спектрометрия</kwd><kwd>оксалатные камни</kwd><kwd>мочекислые камни</kwd><kwd>плотность камня</kwd><kwd>гастроэнтерологический опросник качества жизни</kwd><kwd>креатинин</kwd><kwd>мочевая кислота</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Stamatelou K, Goldfarb DS. Epidemiology of Kidney Stones. Healthcare (Basel). 2023;11(3):424. 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