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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Terapevticheskii arkhiv</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Terapevticheskii arkhiv</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Терапевтический архив</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0040-3660</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2309-5342</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">LLC Obyedinennaya Redaktsiya</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">655496</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26442/00403660.2025.05.203228</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Relationship between vitamin D and osteoarthritis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Взаимосвязь витамина D и остеоартрита</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8732-2720</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kashevarova</surname><given-names>Natalia G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кашеварова</surname><given-names>Наталья Гаврииловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, науч. сотр. лаборатории остеоартрита </p></bio><email>nat-kash@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7017-0898</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Alekseeva</surname><given-names>Liudmila I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексеева</surname><given-names>Людмила Ивановна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, зав. лаборатории остеоартрита </p></bio><email>nat-kash@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8218-3223</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Taskina</surname><given-names>Elena A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Таскина</surname><given-names>Елена Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, ст. науч. сотр. лаборатории остеоартрита </p></bio><email>nat-kash@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8130-5081</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Strebkova</surname><given-names>Ekaterina A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стребкова</surname><given-names>Екатерина Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, ст. науч. сотр. лаборатории остеоартрита </p></bio><email>nat-kash@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4242-8278</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sharapova</surname><given-names>Evgenia P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шарапова</surname><given-names>Евгения Павловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, науч. сотр. отд. лаборатории остеоартрита </p></bio><email>nat-kash@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8562-6077</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Savushkina</surname><given-names>Natalya M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савушкина</surname><given-names>Наталья Михайловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, науч. сотр. лаборатории остеоартрита </p></bio><email>nat-kash@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1481-7749</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhaylov</surname><given-names>Kirill M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайлов</surname><given-names>Кирилл Михайлович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-ревматолог </p></bio><email>nat-kash@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4285-0869</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Glukhova</surname><given-names>Svetlana I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Глухова</surname><given-names>Светлана Ивановна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. физ.-мат. наук, ст. науч. сотр. лаб. эволюции ревматоидных артритов </p></bio><email>nat-kash@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1852-1798</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Alekseeva</surname><given-names>Olga G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексеева</surname><given-names>Ольга Геннадьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, науч. сотр. лаб. инструментальной диагностики </p></bio><email>nat-kash@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1084-3920</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudinsky</surname><given-names>Danil M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудинский</surname><given-names>Даниил Маркович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, врач-рентгенолог отд-ния лучевой диагностики </p></bio><email>nat-kash@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0961-9785</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Demin</surname><given-names>Nikolay V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демин</surname><given-names>Николай Викторович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>мл. науч. сотр. лаб. остеопороза </p></bio><email>nat-kash@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7501-9185</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Samarkina</surname><given-names>Elena Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самаркина</surname><given-names>Елена Юрьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>мл. науч. сотр. лаб. иммунологии и молекулярной биологии ревматических заболеваний </p></bio><email>nat-kash@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6068-3080</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lila</surname><given-names>Aleksander M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лила</surname><given-names>Александр Михайлович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>чл.-кор. РАН, д-р мед. наук, проф., дир. </p></bio><email>nat-kash@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-06-08" publication-format="electronic"><day>08</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>97</volume><issue>5</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">Issues of rheumatology</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы ревматологии</issue-title><fpage>434</fpage><lpage>442</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-11"><day>11</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-02-11"><day>11</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/article/view/655496">https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/article/view/655496</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background. </bold>Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disease and one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. The role of vitamin D in the etiology and development of OA is still unclear, but it may be important for both diagnosis and timely therapy.</p> <p><bold>Aim.</bold> To evaluate the relationship of vitamin D levels with clinical and instrumental parameters in OA in a cross-sectional study.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> The study included 171 patients aged 40–75 with confirmed knee OA according to the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) classification, stage I–III (according to Kellgren and Lawrence). All patients signed informed consent. The mean age was 53.5±9.94 years, body mass index (BMI) was 29.8±6.4 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, and disease duration was 3 [1; 7] years. For each patient, a case record form was filled out, including anthropometric indicators, medical history, clinical examination data, an assessment of knee joint pain according to the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), WOMAC, and the patient's general health condition (PGHC). All patients underwent standard radiography, knee ultrasound examination and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (WORMS), densitometry of the lumbar spine and femoral neck, and laboratory tests. Statistical processing of the data was performed using the Statistica 10 software.</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> Normal vitamin D values (≥30 ng/mL) were found in 62 (36.3%) patients, low levels (&lt;30 ng/mL) in 109 (63.7%) patients, insufficiency (&lt;30 ng/mL and &gt;20 ng/mL) in 66 (38.6%) patients, and deficiency (&lt;20 ng/mL) in 43 (25.1%). Patients were divided into three groups according to the presence or absence of vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency: Group 1 included patients with normal vitamin D levels, Group 2 included patients with insufficiency, and Group 3 included patients with vitamin D deficiency. Patients of the three groups were comparable in age and disease duration but differed significantly in body weight, BMI, and waist measurement (higher in groups with reduced vitamin D values; <italic>p</italic>&lt;0.05). Also, these patients had significantly higher VAS pain scores, total WOMAC and its components (pain, stiffness, and dysfunction), PGHC, and worse KOOS. More patients in Groups 2 and 3 had OA of the hip and hand joints, clinically detected synovitis, flat feet, and quadriceps muscle hypotrophy. Ultrasound examination significantly more often revealed a reduction of cartilage tissue on both the anteromedial and anterolateral surfaces of the knee joint; MRI showed more often osteitis in the medial condyles of the femur and tibia (<italic>p</italic>&lt;0.05 for all values).</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> Our study demonstrated that low blood vitamin D levels (insufficiency/deficiency) were associated with a more severe knee OA. These patients had a large body weight, BMI, higher VAS pain values, WOMAC index (overall and its components), worse KOOS, PGHC, and smaller cartilage sizes in the medial parts of the knee joint (according to ultrasound); such patients were significantly more likely to have osteitis in the medial parts of the femur and tibia according to MRI. Also, stage II and III knee OA and OA of other localizations, clinically detected synovitis, quadriceps hypotrophy, and flat feet were more common.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> Остеоартрит (ОА) является распространенным заболеванием суставов и одной из основных причин инвалидности во всем мире. Роль витамина D в происхождении и развитии ОА до сих пор не ясна, однако она может иметь важное значение как для диагностики, так и для своевременного назначения терапии.</p> <p><bold>Цель. </bold>В одномоментном исследовании оценить взаимосвязь уровня витамина D с клинико-инструментальными параметрами при ОА.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы. </bold>В исследование включен 171 пациент в возрасте 40–75 лет с достоверным диагнозом ОА коленных суставов I–III стадии (по Келлгрену–Лоуренсу) согласно классификации Американского колледжа ревматологов, подписавший информированное согласие. Средний возраст пациентов составил 53,5±9,94 года, индекс массы тела (ИМТ) – 29,8±6,4 кг/м<sup>2</sup>, длительность заболевания 3 [1; 7] года. На каждого больного заполнялась индивидуальная карта, включающая в себя антропометрические показатели, данные анамнеза и клинического осмотра, оценку боли в коленных суставах по Визуальной аналоговой шкале (ВАШ), WOMAC, общего состояния здоровья пациента (ОСЗП). Всем пациентам проводились стандартная рентгенография, ультразвуковое исследование (УЗИ) и магнитно-резонансная томография (МРТ) коленных суставов (WORMS), денситометрия поясничного отдела позвоночника и шейки бедренной кости, лабораторное обследование. Статистическую обработку материала осуществляли с помощью программы Statistica 10.</p> <p><bold>Результаты. </bold>Нормальные значения витамина D (≥30 нг/мл) выявлены у 62 (36,3%) пациентов, пониженные (&lt;30 нг/мл) – у 109 (63,7%) пациентов, при этом недостаточность (&lt;30 нг/мл, но &gt;20 нг/мл) регистрировалась у 66 (38,6%) пациентов, а дефицит (&lt;20 нг/мл) – у 43 (25,1%). По наличию или отсутствию недостаточности/дефицита витамина D пациенты разделены на 3 группы: 1-я группа – пациенты с нормальными значениями витамина D, 2-я группа – с недостаточностью, 3-я группа – с дефицитом. Больные трех групп оказались сопоставимы по возрасту и длительности заболевания, но значимо различались по массе тела, ИМТ, объему талии (с преобладанием этих значений в группах со сниженными значениями витамина D; <italic>p</italic>&lt;0,05). Также у данных пациентов отмечались значимо выше показатели боли по ВАШ, суммарного WOMAC и его составляющих (боли, скованности и функциональной недостаточности), хуже ОСЗП, хуже данные по индексу KOOS. У большего числа пациентов 2 и 3-й групп наблюдались ОА тазобедренных суставов и суставов кистей, клинически выявленный синовит, плоскостопие и гипотрофия четырехглавых мышц. При УЗИ значимо чаще выявлялись меньшие размеры хрящевой ткани как по переднемедиальной, так и по переднелатеральной поверхности коленного сустава; при МРТ – чаще остеит в медиальных мыщелках бедренной и большеберцовых костей (<italic>р</italic>&lt;0,05 для всех значений).</p> <p><bold>Заключение. </bold>В проведенном нами исследовании продемонстрировано, что низкие показатели витамина D в крови (недостаточность/дефицит) ассоциируются с более тяжелым течением ОА коленных суставов. Данные пациенты имели большую массу тела, ИМТ, большие значения боли по ВАШ, индексу WOMAC (суммарному и его составляющим), худшие показатели KOOS, ОСЗП, меньшие размеры хряща в медиальных отделах коленного сустава (по данным УЗИ), у них значимо чаще выявлялся остеит в медиальных отделах бедренной и большеберцовой костей при МРТ. Кроме того, чаще наблюдались II и III стадии ОА коленных суставов, ОА других локализаций, клинически выявленный синовит, гипотрофия четырехглавых мышц, плоскостопие.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>osteoarthritis</kwd><kwd>vitamin D</kwd><kwd>deficiency</kwd><kwd>insufficiency</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>остеоартрит</kwd><kwd>витамин D</kwd><kwd>дефицит</kwd><kwd>недостаточность</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article was prepared as part of the research project of the Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology. State Assignment No. РК 125020501433-4.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена в рамках научно-исследовательской работы ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой». 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