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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Terapevticheskii arkhiv</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Terapevticheskii arkhiv</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Терапевтический архив</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0040-3660</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2309-5342</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">LLC Obyedinennaya Redaktsiya</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">65036</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26442/00403660.2022.04.201457</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Case reports</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Клинические наблюдения</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy with an acute onset. Clinical case</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Острый дебют хронической воспалительной демиелинизирующей полинейропатии: клиническое наблюдение</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3956-6362</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3223-6006</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Suponeva</surname><given-names>Natalia A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Супонева</surname><given-names>Наталья Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>чл.-кор. РАН, д-р мед. наук, проф., рук. отд-ния нейрореабилитации и физиотерапии</p></bio><email>nasu2709@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7924-3405</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Grishina</surname><given-names>Daria A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гришина</surname><given-names>Дарья Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, рук. Центра заболеваний периферической нервной системы</p></bio><email>dgrishina82@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8576-9983</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryabinkina</surname><given-names>Yulia V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рябинкина</surname><given-names>Юлия Валерьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, рук. отд-ния анестезиологии-реанимации с палатами реанимации и интенсивной терапии</p></bio><email>ryabinkina11@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9890-3552</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Arestova</surname><given-names>Alina S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Арестова</surname><given-names>Алина Сафовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-невролог</p></bio><email>rizvanova.alina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5436-836X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Melnik</surname><given-names>Evgeniya A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мельник</surname><given-names>Евгения Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-невролог</p></bio><email>dgrishina82@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9538-9690</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tumilovich</surname><given-names>Taisiya A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тумилович</surname><given-names>Таисия Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-невролог, аспирант</p></bio><email>tumilovich.taisiya@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Center of Neurology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Научный центр неврологии»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-05-26" publication-format="electronic"><day>26</day><month>05</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>94</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>544</fpage><lpage>551</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-04-11"><day>11</day><month>04</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/article/view/65036">https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/article/view/65036</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is a heterogeneous treatable dysimmune neuropathy. The variety of clinical forms and course of the disease can be challenging for proper diagnosis and early treatment. In a quarter of cases CIDP starts acutely, mimicking Guillain–Barré syndrome. The early diagnosis is especially important regarding differences in treatment and prognosis of these conditions. In this article, we present a clinical case of acute onset CIDP with a detailed analysis of the differential diagnosis between acute and chronic immune-mediated neuropathies.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Хроническая воспалительная демиелинизирующая полинейропатия (ХВДП) – гетерогенная по течению и клиническим проявлениям хроническая дизиммунная нейропатия, относящаяся к категории курабельных. Многообразие клинических форм и особенности ее течения в ряде случаев обусловливают трудности в своевременной диагностике и инициации патогенетической терапии. В 1/4 случаев ХВДП дебютирует остро, имитируя при этом синдром Гийена–Барре. Крайне важно как можно раньше уточнить диагноз, поскольку терапевтическая тактика и прогноз данных заболеваний различаются. В настоящей статье мы представляем клинический случай острого дебюта ХВДП с подробным разбором дифференциальной диагностики между острой и хронической иммуноопосредованной нейропатией.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy</kwd><kwd>acute onset</kwd><kwd>Guillain–Barré syndrome</kwd><kwd>acute flaccid tetraparesis</kwd><kwd>high-dose intravenous immunotherapy</kwd><kwd>plasmapheresis</kwd><kwd>glucocorticosteroid therapy</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хроническая воспалительная демиелинизирующая полинейропатия</kwd><kwd>острый дебют</kwd><kwd>синдром Гийена–Барре</kwd><kwd>острая моторная аксональная нейропатия</kwd><kwd>синдром острого вялого тетрапареза</kwd><kwd>высокодозная внутривенная иммунотерапия</kwd><kwd>плазмаферез</kwd><kwd>глюкокортикостероидная терапия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Van den Bergh PYK, van Doorn PA, Hadden RDM, et al. 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