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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Terapevticheskii arkhiv</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Terapevticheskii arkhiv</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Терапевтический архив</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0040-3660</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2309-5342</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">LLC Obyedinennaya Redaktsiya</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">639860</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26442/00403660.2025.12.203454</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>History of medicine</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>История медицины</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Miscellaneous</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Problems of interpretation of clinical results of blood transfusion in the 19th century</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Проблемы интерпретации клинических результатов переливания крови в XIX в.</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2027-4020</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sergeeva</surname><given-names>Maria S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сергеева</surname><given-names>Мария Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. ист. наук, доц., Институт социальных наук</p></bio><email>nnkrylov01@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5376-4487</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Litvinova</surname><given-names>Tatiana V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Литвинова</surname><given-names>Татьяна Валерьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студентка</p></bio><email>nnkrylov01@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0078-9171</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Krylov</surname><given-names>Nickolas N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крылов</surname><given-names>Николай Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, проф., Институт социальных наук</p></bio><email>nnkrylov01@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-02-14" publication-format="electronic"><day>14</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>97</volume><issue>12</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">Vario (various)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">Vario (разное)</issue-title><fpage>1044</fpage><lpage>1049</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-10-26"><day>26</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-03-11"><day>11</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/article/view/639860">https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/article/view/639860</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In the 19th century, blood transfusions were performed according to broad indications, which makes it difficult to unify and standardize the nomenclature of previously used terms and concepts to determine the composition of patient groups. We collected and described 833 cases of intravenous blood injection for therapeutic purposes and compared the previously stated results with a modern hypothetical model of a likely favorable match of donor-recipient pairs according to the main immunological characteristics of blood, as well as studied the criteria underlying medical conclusions on the effectiveness of the procedure.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В XIX в. гемотрансфузии выполняли по широким показаниям, что затрудняет попытки унификации и стандартизации номенклатуры использовавшихся ранее терминов и понятий для определения состава групп больных. Мы собрали и описали 833 случая внутривенного введения крови с лечебной целью и сопоставили ранее заявленные результаты с современной гипотетической моделью вероятного благоприятного совпадения пар «донор – реципиент» по основным иммунологическим характеристикам крови, а также изучили критерии, лежавшие в основе врачебных заключений об эффективности процедуры.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>history of medicine</kwd><kwd>hemotransfusion</kwd><kwd>efficacy</kwd><kwd>complications</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>история медицины</kwd><kwd>гемотрансфузия</kwd><kwd>эффективность</kwd><kwd>осложнения</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Сергеева М.С. Гемотрансфузия: историко-медицинский аспект (1873–1874). Бюллетень Национального научно-исследовательского института общественного здоровья им. Н.А. Семашко. 2022;1-2:154-9 [Sergeeva MS. 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