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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Terapevticheskii arkhiv</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Terapevticheskii arkhiv</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Терапевтический архив</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0040-3660</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2309-5342</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">LLC Obyedinennaya Redaktsiya</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">634085</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26442/00403660.2024.06.202724</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Clinical characteristics and genetic profile of complement system in renal thrombotic microangiopathy in patients with severe forms of arterial hypertension</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Клиническая характеристика и генетический профиль системы комплемента при почечной ТМА у пациентов с тяжелыми формами артериальной гипертонии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0224-663X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Akaeva</surname><given-names>Mariam I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акаева</surname><given-names>Мариам Измаиловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант каф. внутренних, профессиональных болезней и ревматологии Института клинической медицины им. Н.М. Склифосовского, врач-нефролог</p></bio><email>0510_mary@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4275-0315</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozlovskaya</surname><given-names>Natalia L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козловская</surname><given-names>Наталья Львовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, проф., проф. каф. внутренних болезней с курсом функциональной диагностики и кардиологии им. В.С. Моисеева, рук. Центра помощи беременным женщинам с патологией почек и мочевыводящих путей</p></bio><email>0510_mary@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6265-4091</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bobrova</surname><given-names>Larisa A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Боброва</surname><given-names>Лариса Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, ассистент каф. внутренних, профессиональных болезней и ревматологии Института клинической медицины им. Н.М. Склифосовского</p></bio><email>0510_mary@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6946-6816</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vorobyeva</surname><given-names>Olga A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воробьева</surname><given-names>Ольга Алексеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, зав. отд-нием нефропатологии и сложного морфологического диагноза</p></bio><email>0510_mary@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0402-8348</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Stoliarevich</surname><given-names>Ekaterina S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Столяревич</surname><given-names>Екатерина Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, проф. каф. нефрологии, врач-нефролог высшей квалификационной категории, патологоанатом</p></bio><email>0510_mary@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5374-8547</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shatalov</surname><given-names>Petr A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шаталов</surname><given-names>Петр Алексеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук, зав. отд. молекулярно-биологических исследований</p></bio><email>0510_mary@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5137-6786</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnova</surname><given-names>Tatiana V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнова</surname><given-names>Татьяна Вячеславовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, врач-офтальмолог</p></bio><email>0510_mary@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Anan'eva</surname><given-names>Anastasiia O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ананьева</surname><given-names>Анастасия Олеговна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-нефролог</p></bio><email>0510_mary@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии им. акад. В.И. Кулакова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Patrice Lumumba People’s Friendship University of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов им. Патриса Лумумбы»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Yeramishantsev City Clinical Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ «Городская клиническая больница им. А.К. Ерамишанцева» Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Center for Clinical Morphological Diagnostics</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ООО «Национальный центр клинической морфологической диагностики</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff6"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian University of Medicine</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Российский университет медицины» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff7"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">City Clinical Hospital №52</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ «Городская клиническая больница №52» Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff8"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Radiological Centre</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff9"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт глазных болезней им. М.М. Краснова»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff10"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Mariinsky City Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургское ГБУЗ «Городская Мариинская больница»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><content-language>ru</content-language><pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic" iso-8601-date="2024-07-07"><day>07</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>96</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">Issues of nephrology</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы нефрологии</issue-title><fpage>571</fpage><lpage>579</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-07-06"><day>06</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-07-06"><day>06</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></date></history><pub-history><event event-type="received"><event-desc>Received:<date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-07-06"><day>06</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></date></event-desc></event><event event-type="accepted"><event-desc>Accepted:<date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-07-06"><day>06</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></date></event-desc></event><event event-type="pub"><event-desc>Published:<pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic" iso-8601-date="2024-07-07"><day>07</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date></event-desc></event></pub-history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/article/view/634085">https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/article/view/634085</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background. </bold>The spectrum of diseases characterized by the development of renal thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) encompasses the malignant hypertension (MHT). TMA in MHT has conventionally been regarded as a variation of secondary TMA, the treatment of which is restricted to the stabilization of blood pressure levels, a measure that frequently fails to prevent the rapid progression to end-stage renal disease in patients. Nevertheless, there exists a rationale to suggest that, in certain instances, endothelial damage in MHT might be rooted in the dysregulation of the complement system (CS), thereby presenting potential opportunities for the implementation of complement-blocking therapy.</p> <p><bold>Aim. </bold>To study clinical manifestations and genetic profile of CS in patients with morphologically confirmed renal TMA combined with severe AH.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods. </bold>28 patients with morphologically verified renal TMA and severe AH were enrolled to the study. Patients with signs of microangiopathic hemolysis and thrombocytopenia were not included in the study due to possible compliance with the criteria for atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS). The prevalence of rare genetic defects (GD) of the CS was assessed by molecular genetic analysis (search for mutations in the clinically significant part of the human genome – exome) by next-generation sequencing technology (NGS).</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> GD of CS were detected in a quarter of patients. Rare genetic variants classified as “likely pathogenic” including defects in <italic>CFI</italic>, <italic>C3</italic>, <italic>CD46</italic>, <italic>CFHR4</italic>, <italic>CFHR5</italic> genes were detected in five cases. Two patients were found to have chromosomal deletions containing CFH-related proteins genes (CFHR1, CFHR3).</p> <p><bold>Conclusion. </bold>Rare variants of CS genes linked to aHUS were found in 25% of patients with renal TMA, the genesis of which was originally thought to be secondary and attributed to MHT, with partial or complete absence of hematological manifestations of microangiopathic pathology. The key to confirming TMA associated with MHT, particularly in the absence of microangiopathic hemolysis and thrombocytopenia, elucidating its nature, and potentially effective complement-blocking therapy in patients with GD of CS, appears to be a genetic study of CS combined with a morphological study of a renal biopsy.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> Круг заболеваний, характеризующихся развитием почечной тромботической микроангиопатии (ТМА), включает в себя злокачественную артериальную гипертонию (ЗАГ). ТМА при ЗАГ традиционно рассматривается как вариант вторичной ТМА, симптоматическая терапия которой сводится лишь к стабилизации уровня артериального давления, что нередко не позволяет избежать быстрого развития у пациентов терминальной стадии почечной недостаточности. Однако есть основания предполагать, что в ряде случаев в основе эндотелиального повреждения при ЗАГ лежит дисрегуляция системы комплемента (СК), что открывает перспективы для применения комплемент-блокирующей терапии.</p> <p><bold>Цель. </bold>Изучить клинические проявления и генетический профиль СК у пациентов с морфологически подтвержденной почечной ТМА, сочетающейся с тяжелыми формами АГ.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы. </bold>В исследование включены 28 пациентов с морфологически верифицированной почечной ТМА и тяжелыми формами АГ. Больных, имевших признаки микроангиопатической гемолитической анемии и тромбоцитопении, не включали ввиду возможного соответствия критериям атипичного гемолитико-уремического синдрома. Общеклинические данные и распространенность редких генетических дефектов (ГД) СК оценивали путем проведения молекулярно-генетического анализа (поиска мутаций в клинически значимой части генома человека – экзоме) методом высокопроизводительного секвенирования (NGS).</p> <p><bold>Результаты. </bold>ГД СК выявлены у 1/4 больных. В 5 случаях обнаружены редкие генетические варианты, классифицированные как «вероятно патогенные», включавшие дефекты генов <italic>CFI,</italic> <italic>C3</italic>, <italic>CD46</italic>, <italic>CFHR4</italic>, <italic>CFHR5</italic>. У 2 пациентов выявлены хромосомные делеции, содержащие гены релейт-факторов CFH (CFHR1, CFHR3).</p> <p><bold>Заключение. </bold>У 25% больных с почечной ТМА, генез которой первоначально расценен как вторичный и атрибутирован к ЗАГ, при частичном или полном отсутствии гематологических проявлений микроангиопатической патологии обнаружены редкие варианты генов СК, ассоциированные с атипичным гемолитико-уремическим синдромом. Генетическое исследование СК в сочетании с морфологическим исследованием почечного биоптата являются, по-видимому, ключевыми инструментами для верификации ТМА, ассоциированной с ЗАГ, особенно в отсутствие микроангиопатической гемолитической анемии и тромбоцитопении, уточнения ее природы и применения потенциально эффективной комплемент-блокирующей терапии у пациентов с ГД СК.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>thrombotic microangiopathy</kwd><kwd>malignant hypertension</kwd><kwd>atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome</kwd><kwd>complement system</kwd><kwd>complement genes</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тромботическая микроангиопатия</kwd><kwd>злокачественная артериальная гипертония</kwd><kwd>атипичный гемолитико-уремический синдром</kwd><kwd>система комплемента</kwd><kwd>гены системы комплемента</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The genetic study was carried out with financial support from “Alexion” under donation agreement No. 1245 dated 30 December 2016.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Генетическое исследование выполнено при материальной поддержке компании «Алексион» по договору пожертвования №1245-х от 30.12.2016.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Saba ES, Cambron JC, Go R, et al. 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