Terapevticheskii arkhivTerapevticheskii arkhivТерапевтический архив0040-36602309-5342LLC Obyedinennaya Redaktsiya5098910.26442/00403660.2020.10.000778ReviewsОбзорыScientific ReportGut microbiota is a factor of risk for obesity and type 2 diabetesКишечная микробиота как фактор риска развития ожирения и сахарного диабета 2-го типаhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6385-540X70037716239600-9796DemidovaT. Y.ДемидоваТатьяна Юльевна
Russian Federation

д.м.н., проф., зав. каф. эндокринологии лечебного фак-та ФГБОУ ВО «РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова»

miss.sapog@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3656-03126044-1684LobanovaK. G.ЛобановаКристина Геннадьевна
Russian Federation

ассистент каф. эндокринологии лечебного фак-та ФГБОУ ВО «РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова»

miss.sapog@mail.ruOinotkinovaO. S.ОйноткиноваОльга Шонкоровна
Russian Federation

ассистент каф. эндокринологии лечебного фак-та ФГБОУ ВО «РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова»

miss.sapog@mail.ruPirogov Russian National Research Medical UniversityФГБОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава РоссииLomonosov Moscow State UniversityФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова»Research Institute of Health Organization and Medical ManagementГБУ «Научно-исследовательский институт организации здравоохранения и медицинского менеджмента» Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы151020209210971042311202023112020Copyright ©; 2020, Consilium MedicumCopyright ©; 2020, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"2020Consilium MedicumООО "Консилиум Медикум"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/article/view/50989

Gut microbiota (GM) is a set of bacteria which colonize the gastrointestinal tract. GM and its active metabolites take part in intestinal and hepatic gluconeogenesis, in the synthesis of incretin hormones, and affect the regulation of appetite. Thus, GM and its metabolites participate in the homeostasis of carbohydrates and fats. An imbalance in the set of the intestinal flora and a disturbance of the production of active metabolites sharply increases the risk of developing obesity and type 2 diabetes. There are conflicting data in the literature on the role of specific microorganisms in the development of metabolic disorders. Research is needed to identify specific types of bacteria and their active metabolites which affect the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Кишечная микробиота (КМ) – это совокупность бактерий, заселяющих желудочно-кишечный тракт. КМ и ее активные метаболиты принимают участие в кишечном и печеночном глюконеогенезе, в синтезе инкретиновых гормонов, влияют на регуляцию аппетита. Таким образом, КМ и ее продукты жизнедеятельности участвуют в гомеостазе углеводов и жиров. Дисбаланс состава кишечной флоры резко увеличивает риск развития ожирения и сахарного диабета 2-го типа. В литературе имеются противоречивые данные о роли конкретных микроорганизмов в развитии метаболических нарушений. Необходимы дальнейшие исследования, основанные на выявлении отдельных видов бактерий и продуктов их жизнедеятельности, которые влияют на развитие ожирения и сахарного диабета 2-го типа.

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