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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Terapevticheskii arkhiv</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Terapevticheskii arkhiv</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Терапевтический архив</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0040-3660</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2309-5342</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">LLC Obyedinennaya Redaktsiya</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">43117</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26442/00403660.2020.07.000756</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Editorial article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Передовая статья</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Immunosupressive therapy of aplastic anemia patients: successes and failures (single center experiment 2007–2016)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Иммуносупрессивная терапия больных апластической анемией: успехи и неудачи (одноцентровое исследование 2007–2016 гг.)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2449-2682</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhaylova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайлова</surname><given-names>Елена Алексеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., проф., вед науч. сотр. отд-ния высокодозной интенсивной химиотерапии гемобластозов и депрессий кроветворения с круглосуточным стационаром</p></bio><email>mikhaylova.e@blood.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0934-6094</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fidarova</surname><given-names>Z. T.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фидарова</surname><given-names>Залина Таймуразовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., зав. отд-нием химиотерапии гемобластозов и депрессий кроветворения с дневным стационаром</p></bio><email>mikhaylova.e@blood.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8113-6115</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Abramova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абрамова</surname><given-names>Анастасия Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач отд-ния высокодозной интенсивной химиотерапии гемобластозов и депрессий кроветворения с круглосуточным стационаром</p></bio><email>mikhaylova.e@blood.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4400-4711</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Luchkin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лучкин</surname><given-names>Антон Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач отд-ния высокодозной интенсивной химиотерапии гемобластозов и депрессий кроветворения с круглосуточным стационаром</p></bio><email>mikhaylova.e@blood.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4827-8947</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Troitskaya</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Троицкая</surname><given-names>Вера Витальевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., зав. отд-нием интенсивной высокодозной химиотерапии гемобластозов и депрессий кроветворения с круглосуточным стационаром</p></bio><email>mikhaylova.e@blood.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9877-0796</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dvirnyk</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Двирных</surname><given-names>Валентина Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., зав. лаб. клинической лабораторной диагностики</p></bio><email>mikhaylova.e@blood.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8490-6066</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Galtseva</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гальцева</surname><given-names>Ирина Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., зав. лаб. иммунофенотипирования клеток крови и костного мозга</p></bio><email>mikhaylova.e@blood.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5973-5763</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kliasova</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Клясова</surname><given-names>Галина Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., проф., зав. лаб. клинической бактериологии, микологии и антибиотической терапии</p></bio><email>mikhaylova.e@blood.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1082-8659</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovrigina</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковригина</surname><given-names>Алла Михайловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.б.н., зав. патологоанатомическим отд-нием</p></bio><email>mikhaylova.e@blood.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulikov</surname><given-names>S. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куликов</surname><given-names>Сергей Михайлович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>зав. информационно-техническим отд.</p></bio><email>mikhaylova.e@blood.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8044-598X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chabaeva</surname><given-names>Yu. А.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чабаева</surname><given-names>Юлия Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>специалист информационно-технического отд.</p></bio><email>mikhaylova.e@blood.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6177-3566</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Parovichnikova</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Паровичникова</surname><given-names>Елена Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., проф., рук. отд. химиотерапии гемобластозов, депрессий кроветворения и ТКМ</p></bio><email>mikhaylova.e@blood.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8188-5557</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Savchenko</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савченко</surname><given-names>Валерий Григорьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>акад. РАН, д.м.н., проф., ген. дир.</p></bio><email>mikhaylova.e@blood.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1613-652X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Obukhova</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Обухова</surname><given-names>Татьяна Никифоровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>зав. кариологической лаб.</p></bio><email>mikhaylova.e@blood.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Research Center for Hematology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр гематологии» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-09-01" publication-format="electronic"><day>01</day><month>09</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>92</volume><issue>7</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>4</fpage><lpage>9</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-08-25"><day>25</day><month>08</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2020, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2020, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/article/view/43117">https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/article/view/43117</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Treatment programs for patients with acquired aplastic anemia include two main therapeutic options: allogeneic bone marrow transplantation and combined immunosuppressive therapy (IST). However, combined IST remains the method of choice for most adult AA patients. This study included 120 AA patients who received IST at the National Research Center for Hematology in 2007–2016. The analysis was applied to 120 patients. Median age was 25 (17–65) years, M/F: 66/54, SAA/NSAA: 66%/34%. Effectiveness of IST was carried out in 120 patients with AA. This group did not include 8 SAA patients who died during the first 3 months from the start of treatment from severe infectious complications (early deaths – 6.2%) and 2 AA patients who dropped out of surveillance. The observation time was 55 (6–120) months. Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH clone) was detected in 67% of AA patients. The median PNH clone size (granulocytes) was 2.5 (0.01–99.5)%. The treatment was according to the classical protocol of combined IST: horse antithymocytic globulin and cyclosporin A. Most of patients (87%) responded to combined immunosuppressive therapy. To achieve a positive response, it was sufficient to conduct one course of ATG to 64% of patients, two courses of ATG – 24% of patients and 2% of patients responded only after the third course of ATG. A positive response after the first course was obtained in 64% of patients included in the analysis. Most of the responding patients (93%) achieve a positive response after 3–6 months from the start of treatment. Therefore, the 3rd–6th months after the first course of ATG in the absence of an answer to the first line of therapy can be considered the optimal time for the second course of ATG. This tactic allows to get an answer in another 58% of patients who did not respond to the first course of ATG. The probability of an overall 10-year survival rate was 90% (95% confidence interval 83.6–96.2).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Современные программы лечения больных апластической анемией (АА) включают два основных терапевтических направления: трансплантацию аллогенного костного мозга и комбинированную иммуносупрессивную терапию (ИСТ). Методом выбора для большинства взрослых больных АА остается комбинированная ИСТ. В данную работу первоначально включены 130 пациентов с АА, получавших ИСТ в ФГБУ «НМИЦ гематологии» в 2007–2016 гг., анализ эффективности ИСТ проводился у 120 больных. Медиана возраста составила 25 (17–65) лет, 70 мужчин и 50 женщин, у 66% больных диагностирована тяжелая АА и у 34% – нетяжелая. Анализ эффективности ИСТ выполнялся у 120 больных АА. В группу анализа не включены 8 больных тяжелой АА, умерших в течение первых 3 мес от начала лечения от тяжелых инфекционных осложнений (ранние смерти – 6,2%), и 2 больных АА, течение заболевания которых неизвестно. Медиана продолжительности наблюдения – 55 (6–120) мес. Клон пароксизмальной ночной гемоглобинурии выявлен у 67% больных АА, медиана его размера по гранулоцитам – 2,5 (0,01–99,5)%. Лечение проводилось по классическому протоколу комбинированной ИСТ: лошадиный антитимоцитарный глобулин (АТГ) и циклоспорин А. У 87% больных достигнут положительный ответ на комбинированную ИСТ. Для получения положительного ответа оказалось достаточным проведение одного курса терапии АТГ 74% больных, 2 курсов АТГ – 24%, и 2% потребовалось 3 курса АТГ. У большинства больных (93%) гематологический ответ получен через 3–6 мес от начала лечения. Поэтому 3–6-й месяцы после 1-го курса АТГ при отсутствии ответа на 1-ю линию терапии можно считать оптимальным сроком проведения 2-го курса АТГ. Такая тактика позволяет получить ответ еще у 58% больных, не ответивших на 1-й курс терапии АТГ. Вероятность 10-летней общей выживаемости составила 90% (95% доверительный интервал 83,6–96,2).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>idiopathic aplastic anemia</kwd><kwd>acquired aplastic anemia</kwd><kwd>immunosuppressive therapy</kwd><kwd>antithymocyte globulin</kwd><kwd>paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria</kwd><kwd>cyclosporin A</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>идиопатическая апластическая анемия</kwd><kwd>приобретенная апластическая анемия</kwd><kwd>иммуносупрессивная терапия</kwd><kwd>антитимоцитарный глобулин</kwd><kwd>клон пароксизмальной ночной гемоглобинурии</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Young NS, Calado RT, Scheinberg P. Current concepts in the pathophysiology and treatment of aplastic anemia. 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