Terapevticheskii arkhivTerapevticheskii arkhivТерапевтический архив0040-36602309-5342LLC Obyedinennaya Redaktsiya3411710.26442/00403660.2020.04.000634Original articlesОригинальные статьиResearch ArticlePerspectives of cell therapy for myocardial infarction and heart failure based on cardiosphere cellsПерспективы клеточной терапии инфаркта миокарда и сердечной недостаточности на основе клеток кардиосферhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2712-4997DergilevK. V.ДергилевКонстантин Владимирович
Russian Federation

вед. науч. сотр. лаб. ангиогенеза Института экспериментальной кардиологии

doctorkote@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6367-3785VasiletsIu. D.ВасилецЮлия Дмитриевна
Russian Federation

лаборант-исследователь лаб. ангиогенеза Института экспериментальной кардиологии

doctorkote@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2441-6062TsokolaevaZ. I.ЦоколаеваЗоя Ивановна
Russian Federation

ст. науч. сотр. лаб. ангиогенеза Института экспериментальной кардиологии

doctorkote@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0512-3670ZubkovaE. S.ЗубковаЕкатерина Сергеевна
Russian Federation

мл. науч. сотр. лаб. ангиогенеза Института экспериментальной кардиологии

doctorkote@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0969-5780ParfenovaE. V.ПарфеноваЕлена Викторовна
Russian Federation

рук. лаб. ангиогенеза, дир. Института экспериментальной кардиологии; лаб. постгеномных технологий в медицине фак-та фундаментальной медицины

doctorkote@gmail.comNational Medical Research Center for CardiologyФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр кардиологии» Минздрава РоссииNegovsky Scientific Research Institute of General Reanimatology of the Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and RehabilitologyНаучно-исследовательский институт общей реаниматологии им. В.А. Неговского ФГБНУ «Федеральный научно-клинический центр реаниматологии и реабилитологии»Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова»1904202092411112019052020Copyright ©; 2020, Consilium MedicumCopyright ©; 2020, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"2020Consilium MedicumООО "Консилиум Медикум"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/article/view/34117

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In recent years, researchers are attracted to the use of cell therapy based on stem cell and progenitor cells, which has been a promising strategy for cardiac repair after injury. However, conducted research using intracoronary or intramyocardial transplantation of various types of stem/progenitor cells as a cell suspension showed modest efficiency. This is due to the low degree of integration and cell survival after transplantation. To overcome these limitations, the concept of the use of multicellular spheroids modeling the natural microenvironment of cells has been proposed, which allows maintaining their viability and therapeutic properties. It is of great interest to use so-called cardial spheroids (cardiospheres) – spontaneously forming three-dimensional structures under low-adhesive conditions, consisting of a heterogeneous population of myocardial progenitor cells and extracellular matrix proteins. This review presents data on methods for creating cardiospheres, directed regulation of their properties and reparative potential, as well as the results of preclinical and clinical studies on their use for the treatment of heart diseases.

Сердечно-сосудистые заболевания являются основной причиной заболеваемости и смертности населения во всем мире. В последние годы внимание исследователей привлечено к использованию клеточной терапии на основе трансплантации стволовых клеток и клеток-предшественников, что явилось многообещающей стратегией восстановления сердца после повреждения. Однако проведенные исследования с использованием внутрикоронарной или внутримиокардиальной трансплантации разных типов стволовых/прогениторных клеток в виде клеточной суспензии показали весьма умеренную эффективность. Это обусловлено низкой степенью интеграции и выживаемости клеток после трансплантации. Для преодоления этих ограничений предложена концепция использования многоклеточных сфероидов, моделирующих естественное микроокружение клеток, что позволяет поддерживать их жизнеспособность и терапевтические свойства. Большой интерес представляет использование так называемых кардиальных сфероидов (кардиосфер) – самопроизвольно формирующихся в низкоадгезивных условиях трехмерных структур, состоящих из гетерогенной популяции прогениторных клеток миокарда и белков внеклеточного матрикса. В обзоре представлены данные о способах создания кардиосфер, направленной регуляции их свойств и репаративного потенциала, а также результаты доклинических и клинических исследований по их применению для лечения заболеваний сердца.

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