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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Terapevticheskii arkhiv</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Terapevticheskii arkhiv</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Терапевтический архив</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0040-3660</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2309-5342</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">LLC Obyedinennaya Redaktsiya</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">32958</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26442/00403660.2019.02.000124</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Editorial article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Передовая статья</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">MutYH-associated polyposis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>MutYH-ассоциированный полипоз толстой кишки</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Toboeva</surname><given-names>M Kh</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тобоева</surname><given-names>Маргарита Хетаговна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-ординатор каф. колопроктологии ФГБОУ ДПО РМАНПО</p></bio><email>rita.toboeva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shelygin</surname><given-names>Yu A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шелыгин</surname><given-names>Юрий Анатольевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., проф., член-корр. РАН, директор ФГБУ «ГНЦК им. А.Н. Рыжих», зав. каф. колопроктологии ФГБОУ ДПО РМАНПО</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Frolov</surname><given-names>S A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фролов</surname><given-names>Сергей Алексеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., зам. директора ГНЦ колопроктологии по научной работе ФГБУ «ГНЦК им. А.Н. Рыжих»</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzminov</surname><given-names>M A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузьминов</surname><given-names>Александр Михайлович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., проф., руководитель отд. общей колопроктологии с группой изучения семейного аденоматоза толстой кишки ФГБУ «ГНЦК им. А.Н. Рыжих»</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsukanov</surname><given-names>A S</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цуканов</surname><given-names>Алексей Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., зав. кабинетом лабораторной генетики ФГБУ «ГНЦК им. А.Н. Рыжих»</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">A.N. Ryzhikh State Scientific Centre of Coloproctology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Государственный научный центр колопроктологии им. А.Н. Рыжих» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-02-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>02</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>91</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 91, NO2 (2019)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 91, №2 (2019)</issue-title><fpage>97</fpage><lpage>100</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-04-11"><day>11</day><month>04</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2019, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2019, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/article/view/32958">https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/article/view/32958</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>MutYH-associated polyposis is the only polyposis syndrome with an autosomal recessive type of inheritance, often phenotypically similar to a weakened form of familial adenomatous polyposis. For the development of the disease mutations in both alleles of the gene are required, but an increased risk of developing colorectal cancer in carriers of monoallelic mutations is noted. The diagnosis of MutYH-associated polyposis should be suspected in a patient with colorectal cancer over 45 years old on the background of polyps in the colon. The review presents modern algorithms for diagnostic and treatment of the disease.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>MutYH-ассоциированный полипоз является единственным полипозным синдромом с аутосомно-рецессивным типом наследования, часто фенотипически схожим с ослабленной формой семейного аденоматоза толстой кишки. Для развития заболевания необходимы мутации в обоих аллелях гена, однако отмечен повышенный риск развития колоректального рака у носителей моноаллельных мутаций. Диагноз MutYH-ассоциированного полипоза должен подозреваться при колоректальном раке у больного старше 45 лет на фоне полипов в толстой кишке. В обзоре представлены современные алгоритмы диагностики и лечения заболевания.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>MutYH-associated polyposis</kwd><kwd>familial adenomatous polyposis</kwd><kwd>biallelic mutation</kwd><kwd>monoallelic mutation</kwd><kwd>colectomy</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>MutYH-ассоциированный полипоз</kwd><kwd>семейный аденоматоз толстой кишки</kwd><kwd>биаллельная мутация</kwd><kwd>моноаллельная мутация</kwd><kwd>колэктомия</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Цуканов А.С., Шелыгин Ю.А., Фролов С.А., Кузьминов А.М. Семейный аденоматоз толстой кишки. Хирург. 2017;(3):14-24.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Boparai K.S, Dekker E, van Eeden S, et al. Hyperplastic polyps and sessile serrated adenomas as a phenotypic expression of MYH-associated polyposis. 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