Terapevticheskii arkhiv

Терапевтический архив

0040-36602309-5342

LLC Obyedinennaya Redaktsiya

32259

10.17116/terarkh20178985-12

Editorial article

Передовая статья

Research Article

Molecular genetic predictors of resistance to anti-Helicobacter pylori therapy

Молекулярно-генетические предикторы резистентности к антихеликобактерной терапии

Maev

I V

Маев

И В

Andreev

D N

Андреев

Д Н

ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова» Минздрава России

15082017

898

VOL 89, NO8 ()

ТОМ 89, №8 (2017)

51210042020

2017

Consilium Medicum

ООО "Консилиум Медикум"

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/article/view/32259

In current clinical practice, there is no optimal empirical therapy for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and there is a progressive decrease in the efficiency of classical eradication therapy (ET) regimens. The variability in the efficiency of ET in a specific patient is largely due to the heterogeneous molecular genetic mechanisms underlying the resistance of the microorganism to the components of the treatment regimens. The basis of the mechanisms for antibiotic resistance in H. pylori is mainly the point mutations in some genes, which determine alterations in the mechanisms of action of drugs, such as clarithromycin (domain V of 23S rRNA), metronidazole (rdxA, frxA), amoxicillin (pbp1A), tetracycline (16S rRNA), and levofloxacin (gyrA). The predictors of resistance to ET are also the CagA-negative status of the microorganism and the presence of the vacA s2 allele. There are a number of host genetic determinants (the CYP2C19 genotype (*1/*1, *1/*17, *17/*17) and the MDR1 3435 T/T genotype (in an Asian population)) that reduce the efficiency of ET, by altering the pharmacokinetics of proton pump inhibitors. In addition, the IL-1β-511 C/C polymorphism that affects gastric acid secretion is a predictor of the inefficiency of ET.

Аннотация В настоящее время в клинической практике отсутствует оптимальная эмпирическая терапия инфекции Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) и отмечается прогрессивное снижение эффективности классических схем эрадикационной терапии (ЭТ). Во многом вариативность эффективности ЭТ у конкретного пациента объясняется гетерогенными молекулярно-генетическими механизмами, лежащими в основе резистентности микроорганизма к компонентам схем лечения. В основе механизмов формирования резистентности H. pylori к антибактериальным препаратам преимущественно лежат точечные мутации в определенных генах, обусловливающие альтерацию механизмов действия препаратов: кларитромицин (V домен 23S рРНК), метронидазол (rdxA, frxA), амоксицилин (pbp1A), тетрациклин (16S рРНК), левофлоксацин (gyrA). Предикторами резистентности к ЭТ также являются отрицательный статус микроорганизма по CagA и наличие аллеля VacA s2. Существует ряд генетических детерминант макроорганизма, снижающих эффективность ЭТ, изменяя фармакокинетику ингибиторов протонного насоса: генотип CYP2C19 (*1/*1, *1/*17, *17/*17) и MDR1 3435 T/T (для азиатской популяции). Кроме того, полиморфизм IL-1β-511 С/C, влияющий на кислотопродукцию в желудке, является предиктором неэффективности ЭТ.

Helicobacter pylorieradication therapyresistanceantibioticsproton pump inhibitorsCagAVacACYP2C19MDR1and IL1βHelicobacter pyloriCagAvacACYP2C19MDR1IL-1β

эрадикационная терапиярезистентностьантибактериальные препаратыингибиторы протонного насоса

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