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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Terapevticheskii arkhiv</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Terapevticheskii arkhiv</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Терапевтический архив</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0040-3660</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2309-5342</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">LLC Obyedinennaya Redaktsiya</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">32230</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17116/terarkh2017891103-106</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Editorial article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Передовая статья</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Obstructive sleep apnea at high altitude</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Синдром обструктивного апноэ во сне в условиях высокогорья</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Myrzaakhmatova</surname><given-names>A K</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мырзаахматова</surname><given-names>А К</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный центр кардиологии и терапии им. акад. М. Миррахимова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2017-01-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>01</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>89</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 89, NO1 ()</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 89, №1 (2017)</issue-title><fpage>103</fpage><lpage>106</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-04-10"><day>10</day><month>04</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2017, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2017, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/article/view/32230">https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/article/view/32230</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is an important and socially relevant problem of modern medicine, which is referred to as a most common pathological condition. The problem of OSA is especially urgent for inhabitants of high mountainous regions, as a combination of climatic, social, and cultural factors can significantly affect the course of the disease in both indigenous highlanders and people temporarily residing at high altitude. The paper reviews the current literature covering the problem of OSA at high altitude. It gives the data of Russian and foreign literature on the pathogenesis and clinical presentation of OSA. The author also analyzes an update on the impact of high altitude on the course of OSA in indigenous highlanders and people temporarily living at high altitude. She emphasizes the role of hypobaric hypocapnia as the most important factor for the development of central sleep apnea in the presence of conditions that are obstructive and aggravating the course of the disease.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Аннотация Синдром обструктивного апноэ во сне (СОАС) — важная и социально значимая проблема современной медицины, относящаяся к числу наиболее распространенных патологических состояний. Проблема СОАС особенно актуальна для жителей высокогорных регионов, так как сочетание климатических, социальных и культурных факторов может оказывать значительное влияние на течение болезни как у коренных горцев, так и у лиц, временно пребывающих на больших высотах. В статье представлен обзор современной литературы, освещающий проблему СОАС в условиях высокогорья. Приведены данные отечественной и зарубежной литературы, затрагивающие особенности патогенеза и клинической картины СОАС. Проанализированы современные данные о влиянии высокогорья на течение СОАС у коренных жителей высокогорья и у лиц, временно пребывающих на больших высотах. Подчеркнута роль гипобарической гипокапнии как важнейшего фактора развития центральных апноэ во сне на фоне обструктивных и усугубляющих течение болезни.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>obstructive sleep apnea syndrome</kwd><kwd>high altitude</kwd><kwd>treatment</kwd><kwd>continuous positive airway pressure therapy</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>синдром обструктивного апноэ во сне</kwd><kwd>высокогорье</kwd><kwd>лечение</kwd><kwd>CPAP-терапия</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Бреслав И.С. Дыхательные рефлексы хеморецепторов. Физиология дыхания. Л.: Наука; 1973.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Lahiri S, Delancy RB, Brody JS, Simpser M, Velasquez T, Motoyama EK, Polgar C. 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