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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Terapevticheskii arkhiv</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Terapevticheskii arkhiv</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Терапевтический архив</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0040-3660</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2309-5342</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">LLC Obyedinennaya Redaktsiya</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">32080</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17116/terarkh2016881162-67</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Editorial article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Передовая статья</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Infective endocarditis: Importance of molecular biological techniques in etiological diagnosis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Инфекционный эндокардит: значение молекулярно-биологических методов в этиологической диагностике</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kotova</surname><given-names>E O</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Котова</surname><given-names>Е О</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Domonova</surname><given-names>E A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Домонова</surname><given-names>Э А</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Karaulova</surname><given-names>Yu L</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Караулова</surname><given-names>Ю Л</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Milto</surname><given-names>A S</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мильто</surname><given-names>А С</given-names></name></name-alternatives></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pisaryuk</surname><given-names>A S</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Писарюк</surname><given-names>А С</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Silveistrova</surname><given-names>O Yu</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сильвейстрова</surname><given-names>О Ю</given-names></name></name-alternatives></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shipulina</surname><given-names>O Yu</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шипулина</surname><given-names>О Ю</given-names></name></name-alternatives></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shipulin</surname><given-names>G A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шипулин</surname><given-names>Г А</given-names></name></name-alternatives></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Moiseev</surname><given-names>V S</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Моисеев</surname><given-names>В С</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов Минобрнауки России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Центральный НИИ эпидемиологии Роспотребнадзора</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГКБ №64 ДЗМ, Москва</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГКБ №64 ДЗМ</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff id="aff5"><institution>Российский университет дружбы народов Минобрнауки России</institution></aff><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2016-11-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>11</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>88</volume><issue>11</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 88, NO11 (2016)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 88, №11 (2016)</issue-title><fpage>62</fpage><lpage>67</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-04-10"><day>10</day><month>04</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2016, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2016, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/article/view/32080">https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/article/view/32080</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Aim. To investigate the specific features of conventional bacteriological methods and current molecular biological techniques for the etiological diagnosis of infective endocarditis (IE). Subjects and methods. Examinations were made in 53 patients treated at City Clinical Hospital Sixty-Four, Moscow Healthcare Department, in 2012—2015 who underwent simultaneous bacteriological and molecular biological (polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or PCR with further sequencing) examinations of blood or resected cardiac valve tissues. Results. The investigation included 53 patients (31 men; median age, 62 years) with IE (Duke 2009); its primary form was observed in 32 (60.4%) patients. Blood bacteriological tests and PCR assays were positive in 28 (52.8%) and 34 (64.2%) patients, respectively. There were concordant results in 21 of the 28 positive blood culture cases and discordant results in 7 (25%); at the same time 3 cases showed a compete discordance in the detected causative agents (the growth of Enterococcus spp. was revealed by bacteriological examination and that of Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., and Escherichia coli by DNA PCR) and a pathogen could not be identified by DNA PCR in 4 patients who had positive blood bacteriological results. The positive PCR results for cocci and fungi were obtained in 10 of the 25 (47.2%) examinees with culture-negative IE. Rare causative agents were not revealed. The tissues obtained from 8 resected damaged heart valves displayed a wider spectrum of pathogens than did blood samples, which was associated with the formation of bacterial films. Conclusion. The etiological agent of IE was revealed in venous blood by bacteriological examination in 52.8% of the examinees, by PCR in 64.2%, and by either in 71.7%. There were concordant and discordant results in 67.9 and 32.1% of the patients, respectively; among whom 18.9% were found to have pathogen DNA revealed by PCR in culture-negative IE.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Резюме Цель исследования. Изучить особенности традиционных бактериологических и современных молекулярно-биологических методов этиологической диагностики инфекционного эндокардита (ИЭ). Материалы и методы. Обследовали 53 больных, госпитализированных в 2012—2015 гг. в ГБУЗ ГКБ №64 ДЗМ, которым проводилось одновременное бактериологическое и молекулярно-биологическое (полимеразная цепная реакция — ПЦР или ПЦР с последующим секвенированием) исследования крови или тканей резецированного сердечного клапана. Результаты. В исследование включены 53 пациента с ИЭ (Duke 2009), медиана возраста 62 года (31 мужчина), первичная форма ИЭ у 32 (60,4%). Положительные результаты бактериологического исследования крови получены у 28 (52,8%) пациентов, ПЦР — у 34 (64,2%). Конкордантные результаты имелись в 21 из 28 случаев положительной культуры крови, дискордантные — у 7 (25%), при этом у 3 выявлено полное несоответствие по выявленным возбудителям (при бактериологическом исследовании рост Enterococcus spp., методом ПЦР — ДНК Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Escherichia coli), а у 4 пациентов при положительном результате бактериологического исследования крови идентифицировать ДНК возбудителя не удалось. Среди 25 (47,2%) обследованных с культуронегативным ИЭ положительные результаты, представленные кокковой и грибковой флорой ПЦР, получены у 10. Редких возбудителей не выявлено. В тканях 8 резецированных пораженных сердечных клапанов выявлен более широкий спектр возбудителей, чем в образцах крови, что связано с образованием бактериальных пленок. Заключение. Бактериологическим методом этиологический агент ИЭ в венозной крови выявлен у 52,8% обследованных, методом ПЦР — у 64,2%, а при сочетанном применении обоих методов — у 71,7%. Конкордантные результаты имеются у 67,9%, дискордантные — у 32,1%, среди которых ДНК возбудителя методом ПЦР при культуронегативном ИЭ получены у 18,9% пациентов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>infective endocarditis</kwd><kwd>bacteriological diagnostic methods</kwd><kwd>polymerase chain reaction</kwd><kwd>molecular biological techniques</kwd><kwd>Staphylococcus aureus</kwd><kwd>Staphylococcus aureus</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>инфекционный эндокардит</kwd><kwd>бактериологические методы диагностики</kwd><kwd>полимеразная цепная реакция</kwd><kwd>молекулярно-биологические методы</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Чипигина Н.С., Белостоцкий А.В. Инфекционный эндокардит: изменение предрасполагающих факторов и эволюция возбудителей. Сердце: журнал для практикующих врачей. 2010;9(4):242-250.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Habib G et al. 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