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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Terapevticheskii arkhiv</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Terapevticheskii arkhiv</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Терапевтический архив</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0040-3660</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2309-5342</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">LLC Obyedinennaya Redaktsiya</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">31882</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Editorial article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Передовая статья</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Approaches to antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients with low CD4 lymphocyte counts</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Подходы к антиретровирусной терапии у больных ВИЧ-инфекцией с низким количеством лимфоцитов CD4</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shakhgildyan</surname><given-names>V I</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шахгильдян</surname><given-names>В И</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yagodkin</surname><given-names>M V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ягодкин</surname><given-names>М В</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">«Центральный НИИ эпидемиологии» Роспотребнадзора</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ООО «Бристол-Майерс Сквибб»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2015-11-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>11</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>87</volume><issue>11</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 87, NO11 (2015)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 87, №11 (2015)</issue-title><fpage>118</fpage><lpage>122</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-04-10"><day>10</day><month>04</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2015, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2015, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/article/view/31882">https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/article/view/31882</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>There are increasing numbers of patients with late-stage HIV infection in the Russian Federation. To choose optimal antiretroviral therapy regimens for patients with severe immunosuppression is a relevant problem. According the data obtained in the ECHO and THRIVE, ARTEMIS, CASTLE, SPRING-2 and other trials, the efficacy and/or safety of efavirenz are higher than those of rilpivirine, comparable with those of raltegravir and dolutegravir; darunavir and atazanavir are more effective than lopinavir, but dolutegravir is more effective than raltegravir (in numerical terms) in patients with low CD4 lymphocyte counts (less than 50 cells/µl or 200 cells/µl depending on a trial. To choose therapy for patients with late-stage HIV infection is an intricate problem and requires an individual approach that will take into account not only the efficiency of therapy, but also its possible side effects, as well as potential drug interactions for the treatment of opportunistic infections.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В Российской Федерации увеличивается число больных ВИЧ-инфекцией на поздних стадиях заболевания. Выбор оптимальных схем антиретровирусной терапии для пациентов с глубокой иммуносупрессией является актуальной задачей. По данным исследований ECHО и THRIVE, ARTEMIS, CASTLE, SPRING-2 и др., у пациентов с низким числом лимфоцитов CD4 (менее 50 в 1 мкл или 200 в 1 мкл в зависимости от исследования) по показателям эффективности и/или безопасности эфавиренц эффективнее рилпивирина, сравним с ралтегравиром и долутегравиром; дарунавир и атазанавир эффективнее лопинавира, а долутегравир эффективнее ралтегравира (в числовом выражении). Выбор терапии у пациентов с поздней стадией ВИЧ-инфекцией сложен и требует индивидуального подхода, который будет учитывать не только эффективность терапии, но и возможные побочные эффекты, а также потенциальное межлекарственное взаимодействие с препаратами для лечения оппортунистических инфекций.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>antiretroviral therapy</kwd><kwd>atazanavir</kwd><kwd>immunosuppression</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>антиретровирусная терапия</kwd><kwd>атазанавир</kwd><kwd>иммуносупрессия</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Покровский В.И., Ладная Н.Н., Соколова Е.В., О.И. Тушина, Буравцова Е.В. ВИЧ-инфекция. Информационный бюллетень №39 Федерального научно-методического центра по профилактике и борьбе со СПИДом ФБУН «Центральный НИИ эпидемиологии» Роспотребнадзора, Москва, 2014, с.52 Доступно по: http://www.hivrussia.org/files/bul_39.pdf. 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