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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Terapevticheskii arkhiv</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Terapevticheskii arkhiv</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Терапевтический архив</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0040-3660</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2309-5342</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">LLC Obyedinennaya Redaktsiya</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">31877</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Editorial article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Передовая статья</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Specific features of the enteric microbiota composition in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Особенности состава микробиоты кишечника у пациентов с алкогольным циррозом печени</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shalikiani</surname><given-names>N V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шаликиани</surname><given-names>Н В</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bakulin</surname><given-names>I G</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бакулин</surname><given-names>И Г</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dubinkina</surname><given-names>V B</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дубинкина</surname><given-names>В Б</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ishchenko</surname><given-names>D S</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ищенко</surname><given-names>Д С</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Alexeev</surname><given-names>D G</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексеев</surname><given-names>Д Г</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tyakht</surname><given-names>A V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тяхт</surname><given-names>А В</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlenko</surname><given-names>A V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павленко</surname><given-names>А В</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilyina</surname><given-names>E N</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ильина</surname><given-names>Е Н</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostryukova</surname><given-names>E S</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кострюкова</surname><given-names>Е С</given-names></name></name-alternatives></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Taraskina</surname><given-names>A E</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тараскина</surname><given-names>А Е</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Skorodumova</surname><given-names>L O</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скородумова</surname><given-names>Л О</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Maev</surname><given-names>I V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маев</surname><given-names>И В</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Govorun</surname><given-names>V M</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Говорун</surname><given-names>В М</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">«Московский клинический научно-практический центр» Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">«Московский физико-технический институт»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">«Московский физико-технический институт», Долгопрудныйя</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">«НИИ физико-химической медицины» ФМБА России, Москва</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">«Московский физико-технический институт», Долгопрудный</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff6"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">«НИИ физико-химической медицины» ФМБА России</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff id="aff7"><institution>«НИИ физико-химической медицины» ФМБА России</institution></aff><aff id="aff8"><institution>«Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff id="aff9"><institution>«Московский физико-технический институт», Долгопрудныйя</institution></aff><aff id="aff10"><institution>«НИИ физико-химической медицины» ФМБА России, Москва</institution></aff><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2015-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>87</volume><issue>12</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 87, NO12 (2015)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 87, №12 (2015)</issue-title><fpage>59</fpage><lpage>65</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-04-10"><day>10</day><month>04</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2015, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2015, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/article/view/31877">https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/article/view/31877</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Aim. To establish the specific features of the taxonomic and functional composition of the enteric microbiota in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis (LC). Subjects and methods. Metagenomic analysis was used to study the taxonomic composition and functional potential of the enteric microbiota in 20 patients with alcoholic LC. Total DNA was isolated from the patients’ fecal samples; thereafter full genome sequencing was carried out. The metagenomic analysis yielded the results of the relative taxonomic and functional abundance of microbial species in the test samples. These were comparatively analyzed with the previously published metagenomic datasets of healthy population cohorts in the Russian Federation, as well as in Denmark, China, and the USA. Results. In the majority of patients, the dominant part of the intestinal community represented bacterial species constituting the normal human intestinal flora. At the same time, abnormal gut microbiota composition, which was suggestive of marked dysbacteriosis, was identified in a number of patients. In addition, pooled analysis of the data could identify a number of species with a statistically significantly increase and decrease in the relative abundance as compared to the control groups. Thus, the enteric microbiota of the patients with alcoholic LC showed a high proportion of bacteria characteristic of the oral cavity. Analysis of the pooled metabolic potential of the microbiota in these patients demonstrated the higher abundance of enzyme genes involved in alcohol metabolism. Conclusion. In the patients with alcoholic LC, the microbiota composition changes identified in individual bacterial species may be associated with gastrointestinal comorbidities, such as chronic erosive gastritis, chronic pancreatitis, and gastric ulcer. The alterations occurring in alcoholic cirrhosis promote the penetration and generation of oral cavity-specific microorganisms in the human intestine. This may a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of liver diseases. The bacterial enzyme genes involved in alcohol metabolism have an increased abundance in patients with alcoholic LC and healthy volunteers from the Russian Federation.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Резюме Цель исследования. Установление особенностей таксономического и функционального состава микробиоты кишечника у пациентов с циррозом печени (ЦП) алкогольной этиологии. Материалы и методы. С помощью метагеномного анализа исследован таксономический состав и функциональный потенциал микробиоты кишечника у 20 пациентов с ЦП алкогольной этиологии. Из образцов кала пациентов выделена тотальная ДНК, после чего проведено полногеномное секвенирование. В ходе анализа метагеномных данных получены результаты по относительной таксономической и функциональной представленности микробных видов в исследуемых образцах. Проведен сравнительный анализ с ранее опубликованными наборами метагеномных данных по когортам здорового населения Российской Федерации, а также Дании, Китая и США. Результаты. У большинства пациентов преобладающая часть кишечного сообщества представлена бактериальными видами, составляющими нормофлору кишечника человека. В то же время у ряда пациентов идентифицирован аномальный состав микробиоты кишечника, свидетельствующий о выраженном дисбактериозе. Дополнительно совокупный анализ данных позволил идентифицировать ряд видов со статистически значимо повышенной и пониженной относительной представленностью по сравнению с контрольными группами. Так, в микробиоте кишечника пациентов с ЦП алкогольной этиологии наблюдается повышенное содержание бактерий, характерных для ротовой полости. Анализ совокупного метаболического потенциала микробиоты таких пациентов продемонстрировал повышенную представленность генов ферментов, участвующих в метаболизме этанола (алкоголя). Заключение. Идентифицированные по отдельным бактериальным видам изменения состава микробиоты у пациентов с алкогольным ЦП могут быть связаны с сопутствующими заболеваниями желудочно-кишечного тракта, таких как хронический эрозивный гастрит, хронический панкреатит и язвенная болезнь желудка. Изменения, происходящие при алкогольном циррозе, способствуют проникновению и размножению в кишечнике человека микроорганизмов, характерных для ротовой полости. Это может быть потенциальным биомаркером для диагностики заболеваний печени. Бактериальные гены ферментов, участвующие в метаболизме этанола, обладают повышенной представленностью как в группе пациентов с алкогольным ЦП, так и у здоровых добровольцев из Российской Федерации.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>alcoholic cirrhosis</kwd><kwd>enteric microbiota</kwd><kwd>microbiome</kwd><kwd>intestinal microbial community</kwd><kwd>metagenome</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>алкогольный цирроз</kwd><kwd>микробиота кишечника</kwd><kwd>микробиом</kwd><kwd>сообщество микроорганизмов кишечника</kwd><kwd>метагеном</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>World Health Organization et al. Global status report on alcohol and health-2014. World Health Organization; 2014.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Gramenzi A, Caputo F, Biselli M et al. Review article: alcoholic liver disease — pathophysiological aspects and risk factors. 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