<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Terapevticheskii arkhiv</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Terapevticheskii arkhiv</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Терапевтический архив</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0040-3660</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2309-5342</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">LLC Obyedinennaya Redaktsiya</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">31826</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Editorial article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Передовая статья</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Heat and cardiovascular diseases: A review of epidemiological surveys</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Жара и сердечно-сосудистые заболевания (обзор эпидемиологических исследований)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozlovskaya</surname><given-names>I L</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козловская</surname><given-names>И Л</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bulkina</surname><given-names>O S</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Булкина</surname><given-names>О С</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lopukhova</surname><given-names>V V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лопухова</surname><given-names>В В</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernova</surname><given-names>N A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чернова</surname><given-names>Н А</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanova</surname><given-names>O V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванова</surname><given-names>О В</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolmakova</surname><given-names>T E</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колмакова</surname><given-names>Т Е</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Karpov</surname><given-names>Yu A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карпов</surname><given-names>Ю А</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт клинической кардиологии им. А.Л. Мясникова ФГБУ РКНПК Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2015-09-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>09</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>87</volume><issue>9</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 87, NO9 ()</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 87, №9 (2015)</issue-title><fpage>84</fpage><lpage>90</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-04-10"><day>10</day><month>04</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2015, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2015, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/article/view/31826">https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/article/view/31826</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The review summarizes epidemiologic data on the effects of heat on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Patients with heart failure and cardiac arrhythmias are most susceptible to negative heat exposure. At the same time, measures aimed at preserving the health of the population lead to a considerable reduction in losses associated with an abnormal rise in air temperature.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В обзоре обобщены данные эпидемиологических исследований о влиянии жары на сердечно-сосудистую заболеваемость и смертность. В наибольшей степени негативному воздействию жары подвержены больные с сердечной недостаточностью и аритмиями. Вместе с тем проведение мероприятий, направленных на сохранение здоровья населения, способствует значительному сокращению потерь, связанных с аномальным повышением температуры воздуха.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>coronary heart disease</kwd><kwd>cardiovascular diseases</kwd><kwd>mortality</kwd><kwd>acute coronary syndrome</kwd><kwd>acute myocardial infarction</kwd><kwd>air temperature</kwd><kwd>abnormal heat</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ишемическая болезнь сердца</kwd><kwd>сердечно-сосудистые заболевания</kwd><kwd>смертность</kwd><kwd>острый коронарный синдром</kwd><kwd>острый инфаркт миокарда</kwd><kwd>температура воздуха</kwd><kwd>аномальная жара</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Fares А. Winter Cardiovascular Diseases Phenomenon. N Am J Med Sci. 2013;5(4):266-279.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Barnett AG, Dobson AJ, for the WHO MONICA project. Estimating trends and seasonality in coronary heart disease. Stat Med. 2004;23:2503-2523.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Keatinge WR for the Eurowinter Group. Cold exposure and winter mortality from ischaemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, respiratory disease and all causes in warm and cold regions of Europe. Lancet. 1997;349:1341-1346.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Ревич Б.А., Шапошников Д.А. Климатические условия, качество атмосферного воздуха и смертность в Москве в 2000—2006 годах. В кн.: Климат, качество атмосферного воздуха и здоровье москвичей. М.: АдамантЪ; 2006;102-140.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Perkins SE, Alexander LV, Naim JR. Increasing frequency, intensity and duration of observed global heat waves and warm spells. Geophys Res Lett. 2012;39:20.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Изменение климата и здоровье. Информационный бюллетень ВОЗ №266. Август 2014 г. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs266/ru/</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Григорьев А.И., Макоско А.А. Об исследованиях влияния изменений погоды и климата на здоровье человека в программе Президиума РАН. «Фундаментальные науки — медицине». http: www. Meteoinfo.ru/meteo-med-grigoryev</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Huynen MMTE, Martens P, Schram D, Weijenberg MP, Kunst AE. The impact of heat waves and cold spells on mortality rates in the Dutch population. Environ Health Perspect. 2001;109:463-470.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Morabito M, Modesti PA, Cecchi L, Crisci A, Orlandini S, Maracchi G, Gensini GF. Relationships betweenweather and myocardial infarction: a biometeorological approach. Int J Cardiol. 2005;105:288-293.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Chen K, Bi J, Chen J. Influence of heat wave definitions to the added effect of heat waves on daily mortality in Nanjing, China. Sci Total Environ. 2015;506-507:18-25.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Morabito M, Crisci A, Messeri A Capecchi V, Modesti PA, Gensini GF, OrlandiniS. Environmental temperature and thermal indices: what is the most effective predictor of heat-related mortality in different geographical contexts? Scientific World J. 2014;2014:961750.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Bhaskaran K, Armstrong B, Hajat S Haines A, Wilkinson P, Smeeth L. Heat and risk of myocardial infarction: hourly level case-crossover analysis of MINAP database. BMJ. 2012;345:e8050.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Basu R, Samet JM. Relation between Elevated Ambient Temperature and Mortality: A Review of the Epidemiologic Evidence. Epid Rev. 2002;24(2):190-202.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Kaiser R, Le tertre A, Schwartz, Gotway CA, Daley WR, Rubin CH.. The effect of the 1995 heat wave in Chicago on all-cause and cause-specific moratality. Am J Public Health. 2007;97(1 Suppl):S158-S162.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Fouillet A, Rey G, LaurentF,Pavillon G, Bellec S, Guihenneuc-Jouyaux C, Clavel J, Jougla E, Hémon D. Excess mortality related to the August 2003 heat wave in France. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2006;80(1):16-24.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Ревич Б.А. Волны жары, качество атмосферного воздуха и смертность населения европейской части России летом 2010 года: результаты предварительной оценки. Экология человека. 2011;7:3-9.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Baccini M, Biggeri A, Accetta G, Kosatsky T, Katsouyanni K, Analitis A, Anderson HR, Bisanti L, D’Ippoliti D, Danova J, Forsberg B, Medina S, PaldyA,Rabczenko D, Schindler C, Michelozzi P. Heat effects on mortality in 15 European cities. Epidemiology. 2008;19(5):711-719.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>D’Ippoliti D, Michelozzi P, Marino C, de’Donato F, Menne B, Katsouyanni K, Kirchmayer U, Analitis A, Medina-Ramón M, Paldy A, Atkinson R, Kovats S, Bisanti L, Schneider A, Lefranc A, Iñiguez C, A Perucci C.The impact of heat waves on mortality in 9 European cities: results from the EuroHEAT project. Environ Health. 2010;9:37.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Medina-Ramón M, Schwartz J. Temperature, temperature extremes, and mortality: a study of acclimatisation and effect modification in 50 US cities. Occup Environ Med. 2007;64(12):827-833.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>Keatinge WR, Donaldson GC, Cordioli E, Martinelli M, Kunst AE, Mackenbach P, Nayha S. Heat relatedmortality in warm and cold regions of Europe: observational study. BMJ. 2000;321:670.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>Basu R, Ostro BD. A multicountry analysis identifying the populations vulnerable to mortality associated with high ambient temperature in California. Am J Epidemiol. 2008;168:632-637.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><mixed-citation>Anderson GB, Bell ML. Heatwaves in the United States: Mortality Risk During Heatwaves and Effect Modification by Heatwave Characteristics in 43 US Communities. Environ Health Perspect. 2011;119:210-218.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><mixed-citation>Rocklöv J, Forsberg B, Ebi K, Bellander T. Susceptibility to mortality related to temperatureand heat and cold wave duration in the population of Stockholm County, Sweden. Glob Health Action. 2014;7:10.3402/gha.v7.22737.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><mixed-citation>Rocklöv J, Ebi K, Forsberg B. Mortality Related to Temperature and Persistent Extreme Temperatures. A Study of Cause-specific and Age-stratified Mortality. Occup Environ Med. 2011;68(7):531-536.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B25"><label>25.</label><mixed-citation>Huang C, Barnett AG, Wang X, Tong S. Effects of Extreme Temperatures on Years of Life Lost for Cardiovascular Deaths: A Time Series Study in Brisbane, Australia. Circulation: Cardiovasc Quality Outcomes. 2012;5:609-614.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B26"><label>26.</label><mixed-citation>Gasparini В, Armstrong B, Kovats S, Wilkinson P. The effect of high temperatures on cause-specific mortality in England and Wales. Occup Environ Med. 2012;69:56-61.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B27"><label>27.</label><mixed-citation>Urban A, Davidkova H, Kysely J. Heat- and cold-stress effects on cardiovascular mortality and morbidity among urban and rural populations in Czech Republic. Int J Biometeorol. 2013:1-12.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B28"><label>28.</label><mixed-citation>Breitner S, Wolf K, Peters A, Schneider A. Short-term Effects of Air Temperature on Cause-specific Cardiovascular Mortality in Bavaria, Germany. Heart. 2014;100(16):1272-1280.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B29"><label>29.</label><mixed-citation>Davídkovová H, Plavcová E, Kynčl J, Kyselý J. Impacts of hot and cold spells differ for acute and chronic ischaemic heart diseases. BMC PublicHealth. 2014;14:480.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B30"><label>30.</label><mixed-citation>Zacharias S, Koppe C, Muecke H-G. Influence of Heat Waves on Ischemic Heart Diseases in Germany. Climate. 2014;2:133-152.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B31"><label>31.</label><mixed-citation>Guo Y, Li S, Zhang Y, Armstrong B, Jaakkola JJ, Tong S, Pan X. Extremely Cold and Hot Temperatures Increase the Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease Mortality. Epidemiological Evidence From China. Heart. 2013;99(3):195-203.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B32"><label>32.</label><mixed-citation>Alfésio L, Braga F, Zanobetti A, Schwartz J. The Effect of Weather on Respiratory and Cardiovascular Deaths in 12 U.S. Cities. Environ HealthPerspect. 2002;110(9):859-863.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B33"><label>33.</label><mixed-citation>Bobb JF, Peng RD, Bell ML, Dominici F. Heat-related mortality and adaptation to heat in the United States. Environl Health Perspect. 2014. doi:10.1289/ehp.1307392.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B34"><label>34.</label><mixed-citation>Kysely J, Plavcova E. Declining impacts of hot spells on mortality in the Czech Republic, 1986—2009: adaptation to climate change? ClimaticChange. 2012;113:437-453.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B35"><label>35.</label><mixed-citation>Boeckmann M, Rohn I. Is planned adaptation to heat reducing heat-related mortality and illness? A systematic review. BMC Public Health. 2014;14(1):1112.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B36"><label>36.</label><mixed-citation>Sheridan SC, Lin S. Assessing Variability in the Impacts of Heat on Health Outcomes in New York City Over Time, Season, and Heat-Wave Duration. EcolHealth. 2014. doi:10.1007/s10393-014-0970-7.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B37"><label>37.</label><mixed-citation>Linares C, Díaz J. Impact of high temperatures on hospital admissions: comparative analysis with previous studies about mortality (Madrid). Eur J Public Health. 2008;18(3):317-322.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B38"><label>38.</label><mixed-citation>Turner LR, Connell D, Tong S. Exposure to hot and cold temperatures and ambulance attendances in Brisbane, Australia: a time-series study. BMJ Open. 2012;2:e001074. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2012-001074.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B39"><label>39.</label><mixed-citation>Bassil KL, Cole DC, Moineddin R, Lou W, Craig AM, Schwartz B, Rea E. The relationship betweentemperature and ambulance response calls for heat-related illness in Toronto, Ontario, 2005. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2011;65:829e31.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B40"><label>40.</label><mixed-citation>Alessandrini E, ZauliSajani S, Scotto F, Miglio R, Marchesi S, Lauriola P. Emergency ambulancedispatches and apparent temperature: a time series analysis in Emilia-Romagna, Italy. Environ Res. 2011;111:1192e200.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B41"><label>41.</label><mixed-citation>Lavigne E, Gasparrini A, Wang X, Chen H, Yagouti A, Fleury MD, Cakmak S. Extreme ambient temperatures and cardiorespiratory emergency room visits: assessing risk by comorbid health conditions in a time series study. Environ Health. 2014;13(1):5. doi:10.1186/1476-069x-13-5.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B42"><label>42.</label><mixed-citation>Wang YC, Lin YK. Association between temperature and emergency room visits for cardiorespiratory diseases, metabolic syndrome-related diseases, and accidents in metropolitan Taipei. PLoS One. 2014;9(6):e99599. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0099599.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B43"><label>43.</label><mixed-citation>Basu R, Pearson D, Malig B. The effect of high ambient temperature on emergency room visits. Epidemiology. 2012;23(6):813-820. doi:10.1097/ede.0b013e31826b7f97.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B44"><label>44.</label><mixed-citation>Bobb JF, Obermeyer Z, Wang Y, DominiciF. Cause-specific risk of hospital admission related to extreme heat in older adults. JAMA. 2014;312(24):2659-2667. doi:10.1001/jama.2014.15715.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B45"><label>45.</label><mixed-citation>Gronlund CJ, Zanobetti A, Schwartz JD. Heat, heat waves, and hospital admissions among the elderly in the United States, 1992—2006. Environ Health Perspect. 2014;122(11):1187-1192. doi:10.1289/ehp.1206132.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B46"><label>46.</label><mixed-citation>Ye F, Piver WT, Ando M, Portier CJ. Effects of temperature and air pollutants on cardiovascular and respiratory diseases for males and females older than 65 years of age in Tokyo, July and August 1980—1995. Environ Health Perspect. 2001;109(4):355-359.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B47"><label>47.</label><mixed-citation>Åström DO, Forsberg B, Rocklöv J. Heat wave impact on morbidity and mortality in the elderly population: a review of recent studies. Maturitas. 2011 Jun;69(2):99-105. doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2011.03.008.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B48"><label>48.</label><mixed-citation>Daniel Oudin Åströma, Bertil Forsberga, Joacim Rocklöv. Heat wave impact on morbidity and mortality in the elderly population: A review of recent studies. Maturitas. 2011;69(2):99-105. doi:0.1016/j.maturitas.2011.03.008.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B49"><label>49.</label><mixed-citation>Yu-Kai Lin, Chin-Kuo Chang , Ming-Hsu Li. High-temperature indices associated with mortality and outpatient visits: Characterizing the association with elevated temperature. Science of The Total Environment 2012;427-428:41-49.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B50"><label>50.</label><mixed-citation>Агеев Ф.Т., Смирнова М.Д., Галанинский П.В. Оценка в амбулаторной практике непосредственного и отсроченного влияния аномально жаркого лета 2010 г. на течение сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. Терапевтический архив. 2012;8: 45-51.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B51"><label>51.</label><mixed-citation>Schwartz J, Samet JM, Patz JA. Hospital admissions for heart disease: the effects of temperature and humidity. Epidemiology. 2004;15(6):755-761.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B52"><label>52.</label><mixed-citation>Koken PJM, Piver WT, Ye F, Elixhauser A, Olsen LM, Portier CG. Temperature, air pollution,and hospitalization for cardiovascular diseases among elderly people in Denver. Environ Health Perspect. 2003;111(10):1312-1317.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B53"><label>53.</label><mixed-citation>Lin S, Luo M, Walker RJ, Liu X, Hwang SA, Chinery R. Extreme high temperatures and hospital admissions for respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Epidemiology. 2009;20(5):738-746. doi:10.1097/ede.0b013e3181ad5522.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B54"><label>54.</label><mixed-citation>Xiaofang Ye, Rodney Wolff, Weiwei Yu, Vanechkova P, Pan X, Tong S. Ambient Temperature and Morbidity: A Review of Epidemiological Evidence. Environ Health Perspect. 2012;120(1):19-28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B55"><label>55.</label><mixed-citation>Козловская И.Л., Булкина О.С. Лопухова В.В. Динамика госпитализаций больных с острым коронарным синдромом и показатели состояния атмосферы в Москве в 2009—2012 гг. Терапевтический архив. 2014;12:20-26.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B56"><label>56.</label><mixed-citation>Черешнев В.А., Гамбурцев А.Г., Сигачёв А.В. Динамика вызовов скорой помощи Москвы (2006—2011 гг.). Пространство и время. 2013;2(12):220-228.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B57"><label>57.</label><mixed-citation>Barnett AG, Dobson AJ, Mc Elduff P, Salomaa V, Kuulasmaa K, Sans S. for the WHO MONICAproject. Сold periods and coronary events: an analysis of populations worldwide. J Epid Comm Health. 2005;59:551-557.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B58"><label>58.</label><mixed-citation>Danet S, Richard F, Montayeet M, Beauchant S, Lemaire B, Graux C, Cottel D, Marécaux N, Amouyel P. Unhealthy effects of atmospheric temperature and pressure on the occurrence of myocardial infarction and coronary deaths. A 10-year survey: the Lille-world Health organization MONICA project (Monitoring Trends and Determinants in Cardiovascular Disease http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/100/1/e1.long</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B59"><label>59.</label><mixed-citation>Wolf K, Schneider A, Breitner S,von Klot S, Meisinger C, Cyrys J, Hymer H, Wichmann HE, Peters A. Cooperative Health Research in the Region of AugsburgStudyGroup. Air temperature and the occurrence of myocardial infarction in Augsburg, Germany. Circulation. 2009;120(9):735-742. doi:10.1161/circulationaha.108.815860.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B60"><label>60.</label><mixed-citation>Loughnan M, Tapper N, Loughnan T. The Impact of «Unseasonably» Warm Spring Temperatures on Acute Myocardial Infarction Hospital Admissions in Melbourne, Astralia: A City with a Temperate Climate. J Environmental Public Health. 2014(2014);ID 483785.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B61"><label>61.</label><mixed-citation>Wanitschek M, Ulmer H, Süssenbacher A, Dörler J, Pachinger O, Alber HF. Warm winter is associated with low incidence of ST elevation myocardial infarctions and less frequent acute coronary angiographies in an alpine country. Herz. 2013;38(2):163-170. doi:10.1007/s00059-012-3639-4.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B62"><label>62.</label><mixed-citation>Messner T, Lundberg V, Wikstrom B. A temperature rise is associated with an increase in the number of acute myocardial infarctions in the subarctic area. Int J Circumpolar Health. 2002;61:201-207.</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
