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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Terapevticheskii arkhiv</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Terapevticheskii arkhiv</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Терапевтический архив</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0040-3660</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2309-5342</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">LLC Obyedinennaya Redaktsiya</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">31751</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Editorial article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Передовая статья</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Urinary biomarkers for podocyte injury: Significance for evaluating the course and prognosis of chronic glomerulonephritis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Мочевые биомаркеры повреждения подоцитов: значение для оценки течения и прогноза хронического гломерулонефрита</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chebotareva</surname><given-names>N V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чеботарева</surname><given-names>Н В</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bobkova</surname><given-names>I N</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бобкова</surname><given-names>И Н</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Neprintseva</surname><given-names>N V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Непринцева</surname><given-names>Н В</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozlovskaya</surname><given-names>L V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козловская</surname><given-names>Л В</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Malkandueva</surname><given-names>Z T</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малкандуева</surname><given-names>З Т</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">«Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2015-06-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>06</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>87</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 87, NO6 ()</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 87, №6 (2015)</issue-title><fpage>34</fpage><lpage>39</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-04-10"><day>10</day><month>04</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2015, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2015, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/article/view/31751">https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/article/view/31751</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Aim. To estimate the degree of podocyte injury in patients with different types of chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) from the urinary level of podocyte markers and to determine the significance of these indicators as criteria for disease activity and prognosis. Subjects and methods. Seventy-three patients with CGN, including 20 with inactive nephritis (Group 1), 23 with obvious urological syndrome (Group 2), 30 with nephrotic syndrome (NS) (Group 3), among them there were 7 patients with severe NS and 7 with NS concurrent with acute nephritic syndrome, were examined. A control group consisted of 8 healthy individuals. In the examined groups, the degree of podocyturia (PCU) was investigated by flow cytometry using podocalyxin-labeled antibodies and the levels of nephrinuria (NU), heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) in urine, interleukin 6 (IL-6), caspase 9, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were estimated by ELISA. Results. The patients with active CGN were found to have a high level of markers for podocyte injury: PCU and NU, which correlate with the magnitude of proteinuria, severity of NS, and degree of podocytopenia. Those with the severest NS, that concurrent with renal dysfunction in particular, were observed to have a progressive imbalance of inflammatory (IL-6), apoptotic (caspase-9), and defensive (HSP27 and VEGF) factors, which displays the incompetence of self-defense mechanisms in podocytes and contributes to the torpid course of CGN. Progressive PCU and NU are a poor prognostic sign indicating the risk of glomerulonephritis. Conclusion. The indicators considered are universal for all patients with CGN running with proteinuria and may be used to monitor the course of the disease; moreover, the damaging factors should be considered in conjunction with the defensive factors.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Цель исследования. У больных с различными вариантами хронического гломерулонефрита (ХГН) оценить выраженность повреждения подоцитов по уровню подоцитарных маркеров в моче и определить значение этих показателей как критериев активности и прогноза заболевания. Материалы и методы. Обследовали 73 больных ХГН: 20 с неактивным течением нефрита (1-я группа), 23 с выраженным мочевым синдромом (2-я группа), 30 с нефротическим синдромом — НС (3-я группа), среди них 7 больных с тяжелым НС, у 7 НС сочетался с остронефритическим синдромом. Контрольную группу составили 8 здоровых лиц. В обследованных группах уровень подоцитурии (ПЦУ) изучен методом цитофлоуметрии с помощью антител, меченных подокаликсином, уровни нефринурии (НУ), белка теплового шока-27 (БТШ-27) в моче и интерлейкина-6 (ИЛ-6), каспазы-9, фактора роста эндотелия сосудов (VEGF) оценены методом ELISA. Результаты. У пациентов с активным ХГН выявляется высокий уровень маркеров повреждения подоцитов: ПЦУ и НУ, коррелирующие с уровнем протеинурии, тяжестью НС и выраженностью подоцитопении. У пациентов с наиболее тяжелым течением нефрита с НС, особенно в сочетании с нарушенной функцией почек, выявлен нарастающий дисбаланс факторов воспаления (ИЛ-6), апоптоза (каспаза-9) и защиты (БТШ-27, VEGF), что отражает несостоятельность механизмов самозащиты подоцитов и способствует торпидному течению ХГН. Интенсивная ПЦУ и НУ является прогностически неблагоприятным признаком, указывающим на риск развития гломерулосклероза. Заключение. Рассмотренные показатели являются универсальными для всех больных ХГН, протекающим с протеинурией, и могут применяться для мониторирования течения заболевания, причем факторы повреждения должны рассматриваться в совокупности с факторами защиты.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic glomerulonephritis</kwd><kwd>proteinuria</kwd><kwd>podocyte injury</kwd><kwd>podocyturia</kwd><kwd>interleukin 6</kwd><kwd>heat shock protein 27</kwd><kwd>caspase-9</kwd><kwd>vascular endothelial growth factor</kwd><kwd>VEGF</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хронический гломерулонефрит</kwd><kwd>протеинурия</kwd><kwd>повреждение подоцитов</kwd><kwd>подоцитурия</kwd><kwd>интерлейкин- 6</kwd><kwd>белок теплового шока 27</kwd><kwd>каспаза-9</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Smoyer W, Mundel P. Regulation of podocyte structur during the development of nephritic syndrome. 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