<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Terapevticheskii arkhiv</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Terapevticheskii arkhiv</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Терапевтический архив</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0040-3660</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2309-5342</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">LLC Obyedinennaya Redaktsiya</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">31551</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Editorial article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Передовая статья</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Secretion of incretin hormones in people having risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Секреция гормонов инкретинового ряда у лиц с факторами риска развития сахарного диабета 2-го типа</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shestakova</surname><given-names>E A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шестакова</surname><given-names>Е А</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>katiashestakova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Il'in</surname><given-names>A V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ильин</surname><given-names>А В</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shestakova</surname><given-names>M V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шестакова</surname><given-names>М В</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dedov</surname><given-names>I I</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дедов</surname><given-names>И И</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ "Эндокринологический научный центр" Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБОУ ВПО "Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова" Минздрава России, Москва</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff id="aff3"><institution>ФГБУ "Эндокринологический научный центр" Минздрава России</institution></aff><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2014-10-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>10</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>86</volume><issue>10</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 86, NO10 (2014)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 86, №10 (2014)</issue-title><fpage>10</fpage><lpage>14</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-04-10"><day>10</day><month>04</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2014, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2014, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/article/view/31551">https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/article/view/31551</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>AIM. To study the secretion of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), and glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2) in response to a carbohydrate load in people with risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) in relation to the type of carbohydrate metabolic disturbances and age. MATERIALS AND METHODS. One hundred and twenty-seven patients having DM2 risk factors who had not previously received glucose-lowering therapy underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). The plasma levels of glucose, insulin, glucagon, GLP-1, GIP, and GLP-2 were determined at 0, 30, and 120 minutes of the test. RESULTS. According to the findings, the patients were divided into 3 groups: 1) normal glucose tolerance; 2) prediabetic states (impaired glucose tolerance and/or impaired fasting glycemia); 3) new-onset DM2. OGTT showed that the secretion of GLP-1 was lower and that of GIP and GLP-2 was higher in patients with DM2. GLP-1 secretion decreased with patient age. CONCLUSION. During OGTT, there is a statistically significantly difference in the secretion of incretin hormones in persons with varying degrees of carbohydrate metabolic disturbances: the peak GLP-1 secretion is the highest in healthy individuals and lowest in the patients with DM2; on the contrary, the peak GLP2 and GIP secretions are the highest in the patients with DM2. This may suggest that GLP-1 and the two other hormones (GLP-2 and GIP) show opposite effect in the regulatory mechanisms of carbohydrate metabolism. GLP-1 secretion is decreased with age, which may be one of the reasons for the higher prevalence of DM2 among the elderly.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Резюме. Цель исследования. Изучить секрецию глюкагоноподобного пептида 1-го типа (ГПП-1), глюкозозависимого инсулинотропного полипептида (ГИП) и глюкагоноподобного пептида 2-го типа (ГПП-2) в ответ на углеводную нагрузку у лиц с факторами риска развития сахарного диабета 2-го типа (СД-2) в зависимости от типа нарушения углеводного обмена и возраста. Материалы и методы. У 127 пациентов с факторами риска развития СД-2, не получавших ранее сахароснижающую терапию, проведен стандартный пероральный тест на толерантность к глюкозе (ПТТГ). В ходе теста на 0, 30 и 120-й минутах в плазме определены уровни глюкозы, инсулина, глюкагона, ГПП-1, ГИП, ГПП-2. Результаты. В зависимости от полученных данных пациенты разделены на 3 группы: лица с нормальной толерантностью к глюкозе, с предиабетическими состояниями (нарушение толерантности к глюкозе и/или нарушенная гликемия натощак) и с впервые выявленным СД-2. В ходе ПТТГ отмечались снижение секреции ГПП-1 и увеличение секреции ГИП и ГПП-2 у лиц с СД-2. С увеличением возраста пациентов наблюдалось снижение секреции ГПП-1. Заключение. Секреция инкретиновых гормонов в ходе проведения ПТТГ статистически значимо различалась у лиц с различной степенью нарушения углеводного обмена: пиковая секреция ГПП-1 достигает максимальных значений у здоровых лиц и минимальных - у больных СД-2; напротив, пиковая секреция ГПП-2 и ГИП является максимальной у больных СД-2. Это позволяет предположить разнонаправленное действие ГПП-1 и двух других гормонов (ГПП-2 и ГИП) в механизмах регуляции углеводного обмена. С увеличением возраста снижается секреция ГПП-1, что может быть одной из причин увеличения распространенности СД-2 среди пожилых лиц.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>type 2 diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>incretins</kwd><kwd>glucagon</kwd><kwd>glucagon-like peptide 1</kwd><kwd>glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide</kwd><kwd>and glucagon-like peptide 2</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сахарный диабет 2-го типа</kwd><kwd>инкретины</kwd><kwd>глюкагон</kwd><kwd>ГПП-1</kwd><kwd>ГИП</kwd><kwd>ГПП-2</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Toft-Nielsen M.B., Damholt M.B., Madsbad S. et al. Determinants of the impaired secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 in type 2 diabetic patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001; 86: 3717-3723.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Meier J.J., Nauck M.A., Pott A. et al. Glucagon-like peptide 2 stimulates glucagon secretion, enhances lipid absorption, and inhibits gastric acid secretion in humans. Gastroenterology 2006; 130 (1): 44-54.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Knop F.K., Vilsbøll T., Madsbad S. et al. Inappropriate suppression of glucagon during OGTT but not during isoglycaemic i.v. glucose infusion contributes to the reduced incretin effect in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetologia 2007; 50: 797-805.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Shah P., Vella A., Basu A. et al. Lack of suppression of glucagon contributes to postprandial hyperglycemia in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000; 85: 4053-4059.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Ørskov C., Jeppesen J., Madsbad S., Holst J.J. Proglucagon products in plasma of noninsulin-dependent diabetics and nondiabetic controls in the fasting state and after oral glucose and intravenous arginine. J Clin Inves 1991; 87: 415-423.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Vilsbøll T., Krarup T., Sonne S. et al. Incretin secretion in relation to meal size and body weight in healthy subjects and people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005; 88: 2706 -2713.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Laakso M., Zilinskaite J., Hansen T. et al. Insulin sensitivity, insulin release and glucagon-like peptide-1 levels in persons with impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance in the EUGENE2 study. Diabetologia 2008; 51: 502-511.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Vollmer K., Holst J.J., Baller B. et al. Predictors of incretin concentrations in subjects with normal, impaired, and diabetic glucose tolerance. Diabetes 2008; 57: 678-687.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Zhang F., Tang X., Cao H. et al. Impaired secretion of total glucagon-like peptide-1 in people with impaired fasting glucose combined impaired glucose tolerance. Intern J Med Scie 2012; 9 (7): 574-581.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Mannucci E., Tesi F., Bardini G. et al. Effects of metformin on glucagon-like peptide-1 levels in obese patients with and without Type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Nutr Metab 2004; 17 (6): 336-342.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Faerch K., Vaag A., Holst J.J. et al. Impaired fasting glycaemia vs impaired glucose tolerance: similar impairment of pancreatic alpha and beta cell function but differential roles of incretin hormones and insulin action. Diabetologia 2008. 51: 853-861.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Theodorakis M.J., Carlson O., Muller D.C., Egan J.M. Elevated plasma glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide associates with hyperinsulinemia in impaired glucose tolerance. Diabetes Care 2004; 27 (7): 1692-1698.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Meier J.J., Nauck M.A., Pott A. et al. Glucagon-like peptide 2 stimulates glucagon secretion, enhances lipid absorption, and inhibits gastric acid secretion in humans. Gastroenterology 2006; 130 (1): 44-54.</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
