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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Terapevticheskii arkhiv</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Terapevticheskii arkhiv</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Терапевтический архив</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0040-3660</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2309-5342</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">LLC Obyedinennaya Redaktsiya</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">31482</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Editorial article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Передовая статья</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Long-term follow-up of patients with refractory systemic lupus erythematosus during rituximab treatment</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Длительное наблюдение больных с рефрактерной системной красной волчанкой на фоне лечения ритуксимабом</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsanian</surname><given-names>M É</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цанян</surname><given-names>М Э</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>maridoc@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Solov'ev</surname><given-names>S K</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соловьев</surname><given-names>С К</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Torgashina</surname><given-names>A V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Торгашина</surname><given-names>А В</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Aleksandrova</surname><given-names>E N</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Александрова</surname><given-names>Е Н</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Radenska-Lopovok</surname><given-names>S G</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Раденска-Лоповок</surname><given-names>С Г</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikolaeva</surname><given-names>E V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Николаева</surname><given-names>Е В</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khrennikov</surname><given-names>Ia B</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хренников</surname><given-names>Я Б</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nasonov</surname><given-names>E L</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Насонов</surname><given-names>Е Л</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ "НИИ ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой" РАМН, Москва</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2014-05-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>05</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>86</volume><issue>5</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 86, NO5 ()</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 86, №5 (2014)</issue-title><fpage>40</fpage><lpage>49</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-04-10"><day>10</day><month>04</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2014, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2014, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/article/view/31482">https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/article/view/31482</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>AIM: To evaluate the impact of anti-B-cell therapy on the clinical and immunological parameters of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) activity, on the time course of changes in these parameters during long-term follow-up, and on the tolerability of repeated rituximab (RTM) therapy cycles/MATERIAL AND METHODS: RTM was given to 97 patients with high activity of SLE refractory to treatment with glucocorticosteroids (GCS) and cytostatics. The follow-up lasted 18 (12-36) months. The most common clinical manifestations of SLE were lupus nephritis (LN) (62%) and skin (33%) and nervous system (22.7%) involvements. Clinical SLE activity was assessed applying the SLE disease activity index 2000 (SLEDAI2K); therapeutic effectiveness was evaluated using indicators, such as partial response (PR), complete response (CR) and exacerbation. The exacerbation was classified as moderate and severe using the Selena-Sledai Flare index (SFI)/RESULTS: Depletion was identified in 78% of the patients with SLE immediately after RTM therapy. During 3.5 years of follow-up, the effect of RTM was seen in 82% of the patients after repeated RMT therapy cycles (CR 56% and PR 28%). Exacerbations were observed in a total of 24 (24.7%) patients; the exacerbation lasted 12 (12-24) months after RTM therapy: of them 17.5% with LN and 7.2% with extrahepatic manifestations of SLE (exacerbations occurred 12 (12-24) and 18 (6-48) months after RMT therapy). In 24 exacerbated patients, B cells recovered at 6 (3-12) months. A year after RMT therapy, a group of 35 patients who were observed to have complete B cell depletion achieved CR statistically significantly more frequently than a group of 20 patients who had B-cell recovery (65.7 and 30% respectively, p=0.03). CR was observed significantly more often in patients after repeated RTM therapy cycles than those who had received only one RTM therapy cycle (p=0.02). The long-term follow-up showed a reduction in SLEDAI2K, normalization of laboratory values, and a decrease in the daily dose of GCS. Most patients tolerated well both the first and repeated RTM therapy cycles/CONCLUSION: According to the results of the long-term follow-up, RTM therapy is a highly effective treatment option for SLE patients in whom the previous standard therapy with GCS and cytostatics was previously ineffective. The 3.5-year follow-up showed a good tolerability of RTM and revealed no increase in the risk of infectious complications or adverse reactions.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Резюме. Цель исследования. Оценить влияние анти-В-клеточной терапии на клинические и иммунологические показатели активности системной красной волчанки (СКВ), динамику данных показателей при длительном наблюдении и переносимость повторных курсов терапии ритуксимабом (РТМ). Материалы и методы. РТМ назначен 97 больным СКВ с высокой активностью и рефрактерностью к лечению глюкокортикостероидами (ГКС) и цитостатиками. Длительность наблюдения составила 18 (12-36) мес. Наиболее распространенными клиническими проявлениями СКВ были нефрит (62%), поражение кожи (33%) и нервной системы (22,7%). Клиническая активность СКВ оценена с использованием индекса активности СКВ (SLEDAI2K), эффективность лечения - с помощью таких показателей, как частичный ответ (ЧО), полный ответ (ПО), обострение. Обострение классифицировали как умеренное обострение (УО) и тяжелое обострение (ТО) с использованием индекса обострения СКВ (SFI). Результаты. Сразу после терапии РТМ деплеция определялась у 78% больных СКВ. В течение 3,5 года наблюдения эффект РТМ получен у 82% пациентов после повторных курсов РТМ (ПО 56%, ЧО 28%). В общей сложности обострения наблюдались у 24 (24,7%) больных, срок обострения составил 12 (12-24) мес после проведения терапии РТМ. Из них 17,5% больные с люпус-нефритом (срок обострения 12 [12-24] мес после терапии РТМ), а 7,2% - с внепочечными проявлениями СКВ (срок обострения 18 (6-48) мес после терапии РТМ). У 24 пациентов с обострением восстановление В-клеток происходило на сроке 6 (3-12) мес. Через 1 год после терапии РТМ в группе из 35 больных, у которых отмечалась полная деплеция В-лимфоцитов, ПО достигался статистически значимо чаще, чем в группе из 20 больных, у которых наблюдалось восстановление В-клеток (65,7 и 30% соответственно; р=0,03). ПО у больных СКВ на фоне повторных курсов РТМ наблюдался статистически значительно чаще, чем у больных, которым проведен всего один курс РТМ (р=0,02). При многолетнем динамическом наблюдении констатированы снижение индекса SLEDAI2K, нормализация лабораторных показателей и снижение суточной дозы ГКС. Большинство больных хорошо переносили как первый, так и повторные курсы терапии РТМ. Заключение. По результатам многолетнего динамического наблюдения терапия РТМ является высокоэффективным методом лечения больных СКВ рефрактерных к ранее проводимой стандартной терапии ГКС и цитостатиками. В результате наблюдения в течение 3,5 года отмечена хорошая переносимость РТМ, не выявлено повышения риска развития инфекционных осложнений или нежелательных реакций.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>systemic lupus erythematosus</kwd><kwd>rituximab</kwd><kwd>long-term follow-up</kwd><kwd>B cells</kwd><kwd>depletion</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>системная красная волчанка</kwd><kwd>ритуксимаб</kwd><kwd>длительное наблюдение</kwd><kwd>В-клетки</kwd><kwd>деплеция</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Клюквина Н.Г., Насонов Е.Л., Насонова В.А. Системная красная волчанка. Ревматология, национальное руководство. М: ГЭОТАР-Медиа 2008: 419-446.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>D´Cruz D.P., Khamashta M.A., Hughes G.R.V. Systemic lupus erythematosus. 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