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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Terapevticheskii arkhiv</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Terapevticheskii arkhiv</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Терапевтический архив</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0040-3660</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2309-5342</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">LLC Obyedinennaya Redaktsiya</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">31242</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Editorial article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Передовая статья</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The morphological and immunochemical features of nephropathies in multiple myeloma and severe renal failure</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Морфологические и иммунохимические особенности нефропатий при множественной миеломе с тяжелой почечной недостаточностью</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rekhtina</surname><given-names>I G</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рехтина</surname><given-names>И Г</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>rekhtina@blood.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Golitsina</surname><given-names>E P</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голицина</surname><given-names>Е П</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>e.p.golicina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Varlamova</surname><given-names>E Iu</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Варламова</surname><given-names>Е Ю</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>gammopat@blood.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Varshavskiĭ</surname><given-names>V A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Варшавский</surname><given-names>В А</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>Vavarsh@mmscience.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kireeva</surname><given-names>A A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киреева</surname><given-names>А А</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Biriukova</surname><given-names>L S</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бирюкова</surname><given-names>Л С</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>birjurova@blood.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Savchenko</surname><given-names>V G</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савченко</surname><given-names>В Г</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Гематологический научный центр Министерства здравоохранения России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2013-03-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>03</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><volume>85</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 85, NO3 ()</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 85, №3 (2013)</issue-title><fpage>80</fpage><lpage>85</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-04-10"><day>10</day><month>04</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2013, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2013, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2013</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/article/view/31242">https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/article/view/31242</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>AIM: To study the pathomorphology of kidneys in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and severe renal failure (RF) and to compare the results of morphological, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopic examinations of nephrobiopsy specimens with the pattern of monoclonal secretion and the type of proteinuria and paraproteinuria/MATERIAL AND METHODS: A study group comprised 25 patients with MM and severe RF; 22 of them underwent programmed hemodialysis. Immunochemical study of serum and urine proteins, renal puncture biopsy with light, immunofluorescence and electron microscopy examination of its specimens were performed in all the patients/RESULTS: Cast nephropathy (CN) is the most common type of renal impairment in patients with MM and severe RF. CN concurrent with monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition disease was identified in 32% of cases. In the mixed lesion, it is CN that is a determinant in the development of acute and chronic RF. Rare variants of nephropathies as fibrillary glomerulonephritis, immunotactoid nephropathy, and crystalline histiocytosis were found in 16% of cases. In most cases, severe RF in MM develops in case of low monoclonal secretion. However, there are a larger number of secreted and excreted monoclonal light chains in CN than in other variants of kidney lesion. Urinary paraprotein G excretion suggests that the glomerular filter is damaged. Degenerative changes in the podocytes and a reduction in their small processes were detected in the majority of cases. In glomerular or mixed proteinuria, there were also unorganized and organized deposits in the glomerular basement membrane/CONCLUSION: The pattern of nephropathy does not determine a renal response after chemotherapy. The reversibility of CN in MM depends on the magnitude of interstitial fibrosis and podocyte changes. The pronounced changes in the podocytes as a reduction in their small processes serves as a poor sign in achieving renal responses following chemotherapy.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Резюме. Цель исследования. Изучение патоморфологии почек у больных множественной миеломой (ММ) с тяжелой почечной недостаточностью (ПН), сопоставление результатов морфологического, иммуногистохимического и электронно-микроскопического исследований нефробиоптатов с характером моноклональной секреции, типом протеинурии и парапротеинурии. Материалы и методы. Группу обследования составили 25 больных ММ с тяжелой степенью ПН, из них 22 проводили программный гемодиализ. Всем больным выполняли иммунохимический анализ белков сыворотки крови и мочи, пункционную биопсию почки с исследованием нефробиоптата методом световой, иммунофлюоресцентной и электронной микроскопии. Результаты. У больных ММ с тяжелой ПН наиболее частым вариантом поражения почек является цилиндровая нефропатия (ЦН). В 32% случаев выявлено сочетание ЦН и болезни депозитов моноклональных иммуноглобулинов (БДМИГ). При сочетанном поражении именно ЦН является определяющим фактором в развитии острой и хронической ПН. В 16% случаев выявлены редкие варианты нефропатий в виде фибриллярного гломерулонефрита, иммунотактоидной нефропатии, кристаллического гистиоцитоза. Тяжелая ПН при ММ развивается в большинстве случаев при невысоком уровне моноклональной секреции. Однако при ЦН установлено большее количество секретируемых и экскретируемых моноклональных легких цепей, чем при других вариантах поражений почек. Экскреция с мочой парапротеина G свидетельствует о поражении гломерулярного фильтра. В большинстве случаев были выявлены дегенеративные изменения подоцитов, редукция их малых отростков. При клубочковом или смешанном характере протеинурии также обнаружены неорганизованные и организованные депозиты в базальной мембране клубочков. Заключение. Характер нефропатии не определяет ренальный ответ после химиотерапии. Обратимость ПН при ММ зависит от выраженности интерстициального фиброза и изменений подоцитов. Выраженные изменения подоцитов в виде редукции их малых отростков служат неблагоприятным признаком в достижении ренального ответа после химиотерапии.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>multiple myeloma</kwd><kwd>nephropathy</kwd><kwd>renal failure</kwd><kwd>paraproteinuria</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>множественная миелома</kwd><kwd>нефропатия</kwd><kwd>почечная недостаточность</kwd><kwd>парапротеинурия</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Paueksakon P., Revelo M., Horn R. еt al. Monoclonal gammopathy: significance and possible causality in renal disease. Am J Kidney Dis 2003; 42 (1): 87-95.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Pirani C.L., Silva F.G., Appel G.B. Interstitial disease in multiple myeloma and other non renal neoplasias. In: Contran R.S., Brenner B.M., Stein J.H. (ed). Tubulo-interstitial nephropathies. 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