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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Terapevticheskii arkhiv</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Terapevticheskii arkhiv</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Терапевтический архив</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0040-3660</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2309-5342</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">LLC Obyedinennaya Redaktsiya</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">31234</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Editorial article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Передовая статья</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Antibiotic-associated diarrhea in clinical practice</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Ассоциированная с антибиотиками диарея в клинической практике</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Luzina</surname><given-names>E V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лузина</surname><given-names>Е В</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>el.luz@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lareva</surname><given-names>N V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ларева</surname><given-names>Н В</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБОУ ВПО "Читинская государственная медицинская академия" Минздрава РФ</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2013-02-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>02</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><volume>85</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 85, NO2 ()</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 85, №2 (2013)</issue-title><fpage>85</fpage><lpage>88</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-04-10"><day>10</day><month>04</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2013, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2013, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2013</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/article/view/31234">https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/article/view/31234</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) is considered to mean at least 3 shapeless stool episodes within 2 or more consecutive days when using antibacterial agents. Due to the fact that antibiotics are used most commonly to treat many diseases, AAD is one of the topical problems for different clinical specialists. There has recently been increased interest in this condition due to its higher morbidity and mortality rates and the emergence of novel treatment-resistant virulent strains of Clostridium difficile 027 and 078/126. The paper discusses the possible risk of developing AAD depending on the class of the antibiotic used, as well as the mechanisms of its development. Infectious diarrhea most frequently results from bacterial overgrowth due to that the obligate intestinal microflora is suppressed by antibacterial drugs. C. difficile, Clostridium perfringers, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., Klebsiella oxytoca, and Candida spp. are etiological factors in the development of this diarrhea. The severest intestinal lesions include pseudomembranous colitis (PMC) caused by C. difficile. The clinical and endoscopic picture and methods for the diagnosis and treatment of PMC are described. Therapy for this menacing condition is traditionally based on the use of metronidazole and vancomycin. In 2011, the US Food and Drug Administration approved the new drug fidaxomycin whose superiority over vancomycin has been demonstrated by a recurrence criterion. The paper discusses in detail other treatment options, including the use of probiotics.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Аннотация. Под ассоциированной с антибиотиками диареей (ААД) понимают не менее 3 эпизодов неоформленного стула в течение последовательных 2 дней и более на фоне приема антибактериальных препаратов. В связи с широчайшим применением антибиотиков при лечении многих заболеваний ААД является одной из актуальных проблем для клиницистов различных специальностей. В последние годы усилился интерес к данному состоянию в связи с увеличением заболеваемости и смертности, появлением новых вирулентных, резистентных к лечению штаммов Clostridium difficile 027 и 078/126. Обсуждается возможный риск формирования ААД в зависимости от класса используемого антибиотика, механизмы ее развития. Наиболее часто развивается инфекционная диарея в результате избыточного роста бактерий при подавлении облигатной кишечной микрофлоры антибактериальными средствами. Этиологическим фактором развития такой диареи являются C. difficile, Clostridium perfringers, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., Klebsiella oxytoca, Candida spp. К самым тяжелым поражениям кишечника относится псевдомембранозный колит (ПМК), вызываемый C. difficile. Описаны клиническая, эндоскопическая картина, методы диагностики и лечения ПМК. Традиционно терапия этого грозного состояния строится на использовании метронидазола и ванкомицина. В 2011 г. Управление США по контролю за качеством пищевых продуктов и лекарственных препаратов (FDA) одобрило новый препарат фидаксомицин, превосходство которого перед ванкомицином продемонстрировано по критерию возникновения рецидива. Обсуждаются другие возможности лечения, в том числе применения пробиотиков.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>antibiotic-associated diarrhea</kwd><kwd>pseudomembranous colitis</kwd><kwd>treatment</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ассоциированная с антибиотиками диарея</kwd><kwd>псевдомембранозный колит</kwd><kwd>лечение</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>McFarland L.V., Muligan M.E., Kwok R.Y., Stamm W.E. Nosocomial acquisition of Clostridium difficile in infection. N Engl J Med 1989; 320: 204-210.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Лобзин Ю.В., Захарченко С.М., Иванов Г.А. 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