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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Terapevticheskii arkhiv</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Terapevticheskii arkhiv</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Терапевтический архив</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0040-3660</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2309-5342</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">LLC Obyedinennaya Redaktsiya</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">106359</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26442/00403660.2022.03.201397</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Editorial article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Передовая статья</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Dyspnea: neurobiological and clinical aspects</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Одышка: актуальные проблемы современной медицины</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5070-5450</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chuchalin</surname><given-names>Alexander G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чучалин</surname><given-names>Александр Григорьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>акад. РАН, д-р мед. наук, проф., зав. каф. госпитальной терапии педиатрического фак-та, председатель правления Российского респираторного общества</p></bio><email>pulmomoskva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-03-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>94</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>367</fpage><lpage>371</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-04-17"><day>17</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-04-17"><day>17</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/article/view/106359">https://ter-arkhiv.ru/0040-3660/article/view/106359</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>An analysis of the results of studies carried out by specialists of the Russian Respiratory Society over the past 15 years is given. The article also includes the main provisions set out in the III Guidelines for dyspnea. A significant part of the manual is devoted to the recent achievements in studying neurophysiological processes in the brain structures during the development of dyspnea. These achievements were driven by image-diagnosis methods. An important aspect of this series of works for the clinical practice was identifying dyspnea domains and developing the instruments to assess severity. Analysis of the data on dyspnea from the clinical practice showed a highly heterogenic clinical picture, which must be taken into account in the management of individual patients. A diagnostic algorithm for long-term follow-up of patients with dyspnea syndrome is also discussed. The attention of doctors is drawn to the features of dyspnea during COVID-19; the disproportion between the sensory perception of respiratory discomfort and the degree of oxygen desaturation is emphasized. It was concluded that in the Russian-speaking environment of patients, doctors should actively use a verbal characteristic of dyspnea – the “language of dyspnea”.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Приведен анализ результатов исследований, проведенных специалистами Российского респираторного общества в течение последних 15 лет, а также основных положений руководства D. Mahler, D. O'Donnell «Dyspnea, Mechanisms, Measurement and Management» (3-е издание). Значительное внимание уделено достижениям последних лет по применению имидж-диагностики в изучении нейрофизиологических процессов в структурах головного мозга, возникающих в процессе формирования диспноэ. Для клинической практики важным аспектом этого цикла работ явилось формирование доменов диспноэ и измерительных инструментов при оценке степени его тяжести.</p> <p>Клиническая картина диспноэ демонстрирует высокую степень гетерогенности, что необходимо учитывать при ведении каждого конкретного больного. В статье обсуждается диагностический алгоритм при длительном наблюдении за больными с синдромом диспноэ. Внимание врачей привлечено к особенностям диспноэ у лиц, которые переносят COVID-19, при этом подчеркивается диспропорция между сенсорным восприятием дыхательного дискомфорта и степенью десатурации кислорода. В русскоговорящей среде пациентов врачам необходимо активно использовать «язык одышки» – вербальную характеристику одышки.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>dyspnea</kwd><kwd>shortness of breath</kwd><kwd>neurophysiological processes</kwd><kwd>anxiety-depressive state</kwd><kwd>oxygen desaturation</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>диспноэ</kwd><kwd>одышка</kwd><kwd>нейрофизиологические процессы</kwd><kwd>тревожно-депрессивное состояние</kwd><kwd>десатурация кислорода</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Dyspnea: Mechanisms, Measurement and Management. 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